自考_00832_英语词汇学-自考本科词汇学重点笔记.pdf

自考本科词汇学重点笔记

Lexicology（词汇学）:isabranchoflinguistics,inquiringintotheoriginsandmeaningsofwords.
TheNatureandScopeofEnglishlexicology：
EnglishlexicologyaimsatinvestigatingandstudyingthemorphologicalstructuresofEnglishwordsandword
equivalents,theirsemanticstructures,relations,historicaldevelopment,formationandusages.

ThesubjectsthatEnglishLexicologycorrelatedwithandextentto：
EnglishLexicologyiscorrelatedwithsuchlinguisticdisciplinesasmorphology(形态学),semantics(语义
学),etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）andlexicography(词典学)

ThereasonforastudenttostudyEnglishlexicology：
Accordingtothetextbook,EnglishLexicologywilldefinitelybebeneficialforstudentsofEnglish.
AgoodknowledgeofmorphologicalstructuresofEnglishwordsandrulesofword-formationwillhelplearners
developtheirpersonalvocabularyandconsciouslyincreasetheirwordpower.Theinformationofthehistorical
developmentandtheprinciplesofclassificationwillgivethemadeeperunderstandingofword-meaningandenable
themtoorganize,classifyandstorewordsmoreeffectively.Theunderstandingandtheirsenserelationswill
graduallyraisetheirawarenessofmeaningandusage,andenablethemusewordsmoreaccuratelyand
appropriately.Aworkingknowledgeofdictionarieswillimprovetheirskillsofusingreferencebooksandraisetheir
problem-solvingabilityandefficiencyofindividualstudy.

Chapter1--Basicconceptsofwordsandvocabulary
Word（词的定义）:Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntactic
function.(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage(2)asoundunity(3)aunitofmeaning(4)aformthatcanfunction
aloneinasentence
Soundandmeaning（声音与意义）:almostarbitrary,“nologicalrelationshipbetweenthesoundwhichstandsfora
thingoranideaandtheactualthingandideaitself”
Soundandform（读音和形式）:不统一的四个原因（1）theEnglishalphabetwasadoptedfromtheRomans,whichdoes
nothaveaseparatelettertorepresenteachother（2）thepronunciationhaschangedmorerapidlythan
spellingovertheyears（3）someofthedifferencewerecreatesbytheearlyscribes（4）theborrowingsisan
importantchannelofenrichingtheEnglishvocabulary

Vocabulary（词汇）:allthewordsinal