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英语时间语义范畴的认知研究的综述报告.docx

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英语时间语义范畴的认知研究的综述报告 Introduction Timeisanessentialelementinhumanlife,anditscognitiverepresentationplaysavitalroleinmanyaspectsofhumancognition,suchascommunication,decision-making,andplanning.IntheEnglishlanguage,timeisconceptualizedandrepresentedthroughvarioustemporalcategories,whichreflectthespeakers’cognitiveunderstandingoftimeanditsrelatedphenomena.ThispaperaimstoprovideanoverviewofthecognitiverepresentationoftimeintheEnglishlanguage,withaspecificfocusonthesemanticcategoriesthatareusedtoexpressdifferentaspectsoftime. TemporalDeixis TemporaldeixisisanessentialcategoryoftimerepresentationintheEnglishlanguage,whichreferstotheuseofgrammaticalmarkerstolocateaneventoractionataspecificpointintime.ThemostcommontemporaldeixismarkersinEnglisharetenseandaspect,whichindicatethetimeanddurationofanaction,respectively.Englishhasthreeprimarytenses(present,past,andfuture)andfouraspects(simple,progressive,perfect,andperfectprogressive),whichallowforawiderangeoftemporaldistinctions.Forexample,thesentence“Iameatingbreakfast”usesthepresentprogressiveaspecttoindicateanongoingaction,whilethesentence“Iwilleatbreakfast”usesthefuturetensetoindicateafutureevent. TemporalAdverbs TemporaladverbsareanothercategoryoftimerepresentationintheEnglishlanguage,whichprovideadditionalinformationaboutthetemporallocationofaneventoraction.Theseadverbscanbeclassifiedintotwotypes:relativeandabsolute.Relativetemporaladverbs,suchas“before,”“after,”and“while,”indicatethetemporalrelationshipbetweentwoeventsoractions.Absolutetemporaladverbs,suchas“today,”“yesterday,”and“tomorrow,”provideaspecificpointintimeforaneventoraction.TheseadverbsplayavitalroleinEnglishcommunication,andtheircorrectuseisessentialforconveyingaclearandaccuratetemporalsequenceofevents. TemporalNominals Temporalnominalsareacategoryoftimerepresentationthatusesspecificnounstorefertotimeintervalsandevents.Thesenominalsincludewordslike“day,”“week,”“month,”and“year,”whichrepresentdifferenttimescalesandallowforprecisetemporalreferences.Forexample,th