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LudwigvanBeethoven.doc

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LudwigvanBeethoven HewasbornintheGermantownofBonnonthe16thofDecember1770.HisgrandfatherLudwigandhisfatherJohannwerebothmusicians.JohannwastoactaslittleLudwig'sfirstmusicteacher,butLudwigsoonchangedtothecourtorganistC.G.Neefe.Passingelevenyearsofage,LudwigdeputizedforNeefe,andattwelvehadhisfirstmusicpublished.HethenstayedasNeefe'sassistantuntil1787,whenatseventeen,hetookoffforVienna.EventhoughViennawastobehishomefortherestofhislife,thisfirstvisitwasshort.Onhearingthathismotherwasdying,hequicklyreturnedtoBonn.FiveyearslaterhefinallymovedtoViennatoliveandwork. Afterarrivingin1792hestudiedcompositionandcounterpointunderHaydn,Schenk,SalieriandAlbrechtsberger.Atthesametime,hetriedtoestablishhimselfaspianistandcomposer.Hisgoodrelationswiththetownsaristocracysoonledtoasecuredincome.In1809,withthesoleconditionthathestayedinVienna,PrinceKinsky,PrinceLobkowitzandArchdukeRudolpevenguaranteedBeethovenayearlyincome.Butgoingbacktotheyearsaround1800,whichistraditionallycalledtheearlyperiod,hewasstilltryingtomasterthehighclassicalstyle.Thisstriveculminatedinthesecondsymphonyfrom1801-1802. Thisisalsothetimewhenthemiddleperiodstarts.Fromnowupuntil1813,Beethovendevelopsandenhancesthehighclassicalstyleintoamoredynamicandindividualisticstyle.ItisnowthathewritessymphoniesNr.3-8,pianoconsertNr.5andalotofchambermusic.Butashelearnstocontrolhiscraftanddevelopthemusicintonewundiscoveredgrounds,healsosuffersfromremindersofthepainsofreallife.Hehasearlyinlifediscoveredthathishearingwasn'twhatitshouldbe,andthedisordergetsworseastimegoesby.ItgetstothepointwhereBeethovenisthinkingofendinghislifeasheseesnowayoutofhisdespair.Thatfactisdocumentedintheletterhewrotetohisbrothersin1802,thesocalled"HeiligenstadtTestament". Thishearingdisorderseemstohaveaffectedhissociallifetoagreatextent.Hebecamedifficulttohandleinsocialinteractionsandcouldsuddenlyburstintooutbreaksofangerandshowbadtemperwhereheusuallyinsultedsomeone.Ifthatisthereasonforhistroubleswithwomen,oriftheirissomethingtraumatichiddeninhischildho