（新概念英语）高中英语 第二册 语法总结 被动语态.doc

新概念英语第二册语法总结：被动语态

何时运用被动语态：

（1）强调动作的接受者：AmericawasdiscoveredbyColumbus.
（2）不知谁是动作的执行者：Youarewantedonthephone.
（3）作客观说明：Itissaidthatthemeetinghasbeenputoff.（经典句型）

主动变被动的基本方法：（说起来容易，掌握起来需要用心！）

（1）主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
（2）谓语动词变为由“be+过去分词”的形式，配合时态作相应变化。
（3）主动语态主语置于介词by之后，如无必需，则省略。
（4）不及物动词没有被动语态。

现在do(does)→am/is/are+done
Wekeepthepianointheliving-room.
→Thepianoiskeptintheliving-room.

过去did→was/were+done
Theybuiltthebridgein1980.
→Thebridgewasbuiltin1980.

将来will/shalldo→will/shall+be+done
Hewillreadthebooktomorrow.
→Thebookwillbereadtomorrow.

现在完成have/hasdone→have/has+been+done
Wehavedeliveredthenewspaper.
→Thenewspapershavebeendelivered(byus).

过去完成haddone→hadbeendone
Shehadseenthefilmbeforeshecamehere.
→Thefilmhadbeenseenbeforeshecamehere.

将来完成will/shallhavedone→will/shallhave+been+done
Bytheendofthistermweshallhavefinished80texts.
→Bytheendofthisterm80textswillhavebeenfinished.

现在进行am/is/aredoing→am/is/are+being+done
Theyaredrawingthepicture.
→Thepictureisbeingdrawnbythem.</p>

过去进行was/weredoing→was/were+being+done
Hewasreviewingtheirlessonsatthismomentyesterday.
→Theirlessonswerebeingreviewedatthismomentyesterday.

情态动词maymay
cancan
mustmust
shoulddo→should+be+done
oughttooughtto
usedtousedto
Youmustwriteanarticleonthesubject.
→Anarticlemustbewrittenonthesubject.

测试精编

1.Sincethefirstspacemission,manycommunicationsatellites________.
A.waslaunchedB.arelaunchedC.havebeenlaunchedD.hadbeenlaunched

2.Whatkindofadvice________you?
A.hasgaveB.wasgaveC.hadbeengiventoD.hasgiven

3.Theslave________frommorningtillnight.
A.madetoworkB.wasmadeworkingC.wasmadeworkedD.wasmadetowork

4.Theconstructionofthelaboratory________bytheendofJuly.
A.mustbecompletingB.mustcomplete
C.musthavecompletedD.musthavebeencompleted

5.Yourproposal________bythecommitteesoon.
A.isdiscussedB.hasbeendiscussed
C.isgoingtobediscussedD.willhavebeendiscussed

（后设答案，大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*)嘻嘻……）

KEYS

1.C2.C3.D4.D5.C