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饲粮不同蛋白质水平对食蟹猴生长发育和繁殖性能的影响的综述报告.docx

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饲粮不同蛋白质水平对食蟹猴生长发育和繁殖性能的影响的综述报告 Introduction: Crab-eatingmacaque(Macacafascicularis),alsoknownasthelong-tailedmacaque,isawidelydistributedprimatespeciesnativetoSoutheastAsia.Theyareknowntoconsumeavarietyoffoods,includingfruits,insects,andsmallanimals,andarethereforeconsideredomnivores.Incaptivity,crab-eatingmacaquesarecommonlyusedasresearchanimalsforstudyingvariousaspectsofhumanphysiologyandbehavior.Therefore,understandingthenutritionalrequirementsoftheseanimalsiscrucialfortheirpropercareandwelfare. ProteinRequirement: Proteinisanessentialnutrientforthegrowthanddevelopmentofallanimals,includingcrab-eatingmacaques.Itisrequiredforthesynthesisofnewtissue,enzymes,andhormones.Theamountofproteinrequiredbyananimaldependsonfactorssuchasage,sex,andactivitylevel.Ingeneral,theproteinrequirementforadultcrab-eatingmacaquesisaround12-15%ofthetotaldiet,withhigherlevelsneededforgrowingandpregnantindividuals. EffectsofLowProteinDiet: Alow-proteindietcanhavenegativeeffectsonthegrowthanddevelopmentofcrab-eatingmacaques.Studieshaveshownthatmacaquesfedadietcontaininglessthan10%proteinhadreducedgrowthratesandlowerbodyweightscomparedtothosefeddietscontaining14%proteinormore.Additionally,low-proteindietshavebeenlinkedtoreproductiveproblems,suchasreducedfertilityandincreasedratesofstillbirthsandneonataldeaths. EffectsofHighProteinDiet: Ontheotherhand,feedingcrab-eatingmacaquesahigh-proteindietcanalsohavenegativeeffects.Excessproteinintakecanleadtotheaccumulationofnitrogenouswasteproducts,suchasurea,intheblood.Thiscancausekidneydamageandotherhealthproblems,includingdecreasedappetiteandweightloss.Furthermore,high-proteindietscanincreasetheriskofdevelopinggastrointestinaldisorders,suchasdiarrheaandconstipation. OptimalProteinLevel: Theoptimalproteinlevelforcrab-eatingmacaquesappearstobearound14-16%ofthetotaldiet.Thislevelissufficienttosupportgrowthanddevelopment,aswellasmaintainreproductivefunction,withoutcausinganynegativehealtheffects.However,itisimportanttonotethattheproteinrequirementmayvar