考研英语冲刺 从阅读中积累素材.docx

考研英语冲刺从阅读中积累素材

考研英语冲刺从阅读中积累素材要提高写作能力，掌握足够的单词、词组和句型是至关重要的。有的考生认为通过机械记忆《大纲》上的词汇表，认为只要记熟上面的五千多个词汇就万事大吉，就能下笔成章了。这种方法是不可取的。语言的学习离不开语境。在某种语境中学习语言，不仅有助于学习者记忆语料，更重要的是能够帮助他们了解和掌握词汇的各种变化、惯用法、相互关联、各种修辞和特殊用法等。阅读则是学习者熟悉英语语境的主要方法之一。学习者可以从众多的原汁原味的阅读材料吸取语言素材，再通过记忆、运用(口语、写作等)内化成自己的语言。比如，在冲刺阶段，考生通过做模拟题的方式，从一篇文章及语境中学到许多有用的词组和表达法。①InventionandinnovationhavebeenquintessentiallyAmericanpuisuitsfromtheearliestdaysoftherepublic.BenjaminFranklinwasaworld-famousscientistandinventor.CyrusMcCormickandhisharvester,SamuelF.B.Morseandthetelegraph,AlexanderGrahamBellandthetelephone—the19thcenturyproducedastringofinventorsandtheirworld-changingcreations.Andthentherewasthegreatestofthemall,ThomasAlvaEdisonl.HecameupwiththecrucialdevicesthatwouldgivebirthtothreeenduringAmericanindustries:electricalpower,recordedmusicandmotionpictures.②MuchoftheworldweliveintodayisalegacyofEdisonandofhisdevotiontoscienceandinnovation.Edisontaughtustoinvent,andfordecadeswewerethebestintheworld.Buttoday,morethan160yearsafterEdison’sbirth,Americaislosingitsscientificedge.AlandmarkreportreleasedinMaybytheNationalScienceBoardlaysoutthenumbers:whileU.S.investmentinR&DasashareoftotalGDPhasremainedrelativelyconstantsincethemid-1980sat2.7%,thefederalshareofR&Dhasbeenconsistentlydeclining—evenasAsiannationslikeJapanandSouthKoreahaverapidlyincreasedthatratio.Atthesametime,Americanstudentsseemtobelosinginterestinscience.Onlyaboutone-thirdofU.S.bachelor’sdegreesareinscienceorengineeringnow,comparedwith63%inJapanand53%inChina.③It’sironicthatnowhereisAmerica’spositioninscienceandtechnologymorethreatenedthanintheindustrythatEdisonessentiallyinvented:energy.Cleanpowercouldbetothe21stcenturywhataeronauticsandthecomputerweretothe20th,buttheU.S.isalreadyfallingbehind.Meanwhile,Congressremainslargelyparalyzed.ThoughinMaytheHouseofRepresentativeswasfinallyabletopassthe$86billionAmericaCompetesReauthorizationAct,whichwoulddoublethebudgetsoftheNationalScienceFoundation(NSF)andEnergyDepartment’sOfficeofScience,thebill’sfateiscloudyin