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Energy-EfficientRoutingProtocolsinWirelessSensorNetworks-ASurvey.pdf

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Thisarticlehasbeenacceptedforinclusioninafutureissueofthisjournal.Contentisfinalaspresented,withtheexceptionofpagination. IEEECOMMUNICATIONSSURVEYS&TUTORIALS,ACCEPTEDFORPUBLICATION1 Energy-EfficientRoutingProtocolsinWireless SensorNetworks:ASurvey NikolaosA.Pantazis,StefanosA.NikolidakisandDimitriosD.Vergados,SeniorMember,IEEE Abstract—ThedistributednatureanddynamictopologyofSincethen,alotofworkontheWSNsfieldhasbeen WirelessSensorNetworks(WSNs)introducesveryspecialre-carriedoutresultinginthedevelopmentoftheWSNsona quirementsinroutingprotocolsthatshouldbemet.Themostwidevarietyofapplicationsandsystemswithvastlyvarying importantfeatureofaroutingprotocol,inordertobeefficient forWSNs,istheenergyconsumptionandtheextensionoftherequirementsandcharacteristics.Atthesametime,various network’slifetime.Duringtherecentyears,manyenergyefficientenergy-efficientroutingprotocolshavebeendesignedandde- routingprotocolshavebeenproposedforWSNs.Inthispaper,velopedforWSNsinordertosupportefficientdatadeliveryto energyefficientroutingprotocolsareclassifiedintofourmaintheirdestination.Thus,eachenergy-efficientroutingprotocol schemes:NetworkStructure,CommunicationModel,Topologymayhavespecificcharacteristicsdependingontheapplication BasedandReliableRouting.Theroutingprotocolsbelongingto thefirstcategorycanbefurtherclassifiedasflatorhierarchical.andnetworkarchitecture. TheroutingprotocolsbelongingtothesecondcategorycanbeTheWSNsmaybeusedinavarietyofeverydaylife furtherclassifiedasQuery-basedorCoherentandnon-coherent-activitiesorservices.Forexampleacommonapplicationof basedorNegotiation-based.TheroutingprotocolsbelongingtoWSNsisformonitoring.Intheareaofmonitoring,theWSNis thethirdcategorycanbefurtherclassifiedasLocation-basedor MobileAgent-based.Theroutingprotocolsbelongingtothefourthdeployedoveraregioninordertomonitorsomephenomenon. categorycanbefurtherclassifiedasQoS-basedorMultipath-Apracticaluseofsuchanetworkcouldbeamilitaryuseof based.Then,ananalyticalsurveyonenergyefficientroutingsensorstodetectenemyintru