论我国无效婚姻制度的立法缺陷及其完善.doc

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前言

在婚姻法修正案出台以前，在现实生活中，一些人钻法律

空子弄虚作假欺骗婚姻登记机关，或者婚姻登记机关不依法履

行职责，使某些不符合结婚条件的男女经婚姻登记机关办理了

结婚登记手续结为夫妻，一些违法现象严重破坏了我国婚姻家

庭的法律制度。法律必须对无效婚姻明确加以禁止，使违法的

人承担法律责任。2001年4月28日修改的《婚姻法》明确确立

了无效婚姻制度，这有助于广大公民分清是非，防止和减少违

法婚姻，维护法律尊严，提高婚姻的质量。同时也有利于婚姻

登记机关依法行政便于法院在司法实践中准确地划分合法婚姻

与违法婚姻的界限，从而更好的贯彻执行婚姻法。但是我国现

行的婚姻法对无效婚姻的规定存在一些立法上的缺陷，仍需要

进一步的完善。

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目录

摘要...............................................................................................................................1

1．我国无效婚姻制度的概述........................................................................................1

1.1.我国无效婚姻制度的历史沿革············································································1

1.2.我国无效婚姻制度的现行立法规定····································································2

1.2.1.我国现行《婚姻法》对无效婚姻的规定···················································2

1.2.2.我国现行《婚姻法》对可撤销婚姻的规定···············································3

2.我国现行《婚姻法》中关于无效婚姻制度的立法缺陷...........................................3

2.1.我国无效婚姻制度的价值取向的立法缺陷·························································3

2.2.无效婚姻的范围过宽，而可撤销婚姻的范围过窄·············································4

2.3.关于无效婚姻制度确认程序的立法缺陷····························································4

2.3.1.对宣告可撤销婚姻机关的规定不合理·······················································4

2.3.2.请求可撤销婚姻的主体范围太过狭窄·······················································5

2.4.无效婚姻与可撤销婚姻的溯及力的界限不明·····················································5

2.5.没有明确规定无效婚姻中无过错方是否有权要求损害赔偿······························6

3.我国无效婚姻制度的立法完善..................................................................................7

3.1.我国无效婚姻制度的价值取向的立法完善·························································7

3.2.减少无效婚姻的种类，相应地扩大可撤销婚姻的范围·····································8

3.2.1.重婚和近亲属结婚应规定为无效婚姻·······················································8

3.2.2.早婚和疾病婚应规定为可撤销婚姻···························································8

3.3.对无效婚姻制度确认程序的立法完善········································