基于matlab的准同期装置建模与仿真.doc

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基于MATLAB的准同期装置建模与仿真
摘要
在电力系统中，由于电网运行的需要，同步发电机、同步补偿机、同步电动机经常投入或退出电网。同步发电机投入电力系统并列运行的操作，或者电力系统解列的两部分进行并列运行的操作，被称为并列或同期操作。发电机并网的操作方法分为准同期并列和自同期并列，其要求是准确、快速。准确可以保障安全和减少由于发电机并网引起的冲击，而快速则能够减小发电机的空转损耗。不成功的同期操作，既要延长并列时间，又要影响电力系统稳定性，还可因故障而使频率降低，不能很快恢复正常频率，有时会损坏重要设备。随着电力系统自动化水平的不断提高，对更先进、更方便的同期装置的研制和推广应用提出了要求。
本文对准同期装置的仿真系统进行了比较细致的研究。首先详细地介绍了准同期装置的工作原理和各个组成部分的作用，包括均频单元、均压单元以及合闸单元等，然后利用MATLAB/Simulink搭建了准同期装置的仿真模型，最后对所建模型进行动态仿真，仿真结果表明该准同期装置模型能够正确的反映出准同期装置的工作特性。

关键词：并列；准同期；仿真；MATLAB；电力系统

SYNCHRONZATIONDEVICESMODELING
ANDSIMULATIONBASEDONMATLAB
Abstract
Inthepowersystem,synchronousgenerator,synchronouscompensationandsynchronousmotoroftenparallelordisconnectfromthePowerGrid.TheparalleloperationofthesynchronousgeneratorinputtingintothePowersystemorthetwopartsofLiftingofparalleloperationiscalledparallelorsynchronousoperation.Generatorsparallel,whicheveristiedforthesynchronization,andtiedforself-synchronizing,requestveracityandfast.Theveracitycanensurethesafetyandreducetheimpactwhichcausedbygeneratorparalleloperation,andtherapiditycanquicklyreducetheidlinglossofgenerators.What’smore,self-synchronizingwhichcanmakeimpactcurrentanddisturbthepowersystem,notonlywillcausethepowersystemfrequencyoscillations,butalsomakevoltagedroppingcausedbythedefects.
Thesynchronousoperation,whichisunsuccessful,notonlywillextendthetimetied,butalsoaffectthestabilityofthepowersystem.Andalso,itmayreducethefrequencyiffailedandnotreturntothenormalfrequencyquicklyandimportantequipmentscanbedamagedsometimes.Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofthelevelofpowerautomationsystem,thedevelopmentandpromotionofmoreadvancedandconvenientsynchronizationdevicewasrequired.
Thispapergivesarelativelydetailedstudytothesimulationsystemofsynchronizationdevice.Firstly,Istudiedtheworkingprincipleandvariouscomponentsofsynchronizationdevice,includingtheunitofvoltageregulation,frequencymodulationandclosing.ThenIusedMATLAB/Simulinkbuildingasimulationmodelofsynchronizationdevice.Finally,Iusedthreeexamples(voltage,frequencyandpha