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操作系统原理与设计 第13章IOSystems(IO管理) 陈香兰 中国科学技术大学计算机学院 2009年09月01日 ...... 提纲. I/OHardware Polling Interrupts DirectMemoryAccess(DMA) I/Ohardwaresummary ApplicationI/OInterface BlockandCharacterDevices NetworkDevices ClocksandTimers BlockingandNonblockingI/O KernelI/OSubsystem I/OScheduling Buffering Caching,Spooling&devicereservation ErrorHandling I/OProtection KernelDataStructures TransformingI/ORequeststoHardwareOperations Performance .小结和作业...... Overview II/Odevices Ivarywidely IThecontrolofdevicesconnectedtothecomputerisamajor concernofOSdesigners. HowOSmanagesandcontrolsvariousperipherals? ...... Outline. I/OHardware Polling Interrupts DirectMemoryAccess(DMA) I/Ohardwaresummary ApplicationI/OInterface BlockandCharacterDevices NetworkDevices ClocksandTimers BlockingandNonblockingI/O KernelI/OSubsystem I/OScheduling Buffering Caching,Spooling&devicereservation ErrorHandling I/OProtection KernelDataStructures TransformingI/ORequeststoHardwareOperations Performance .小结和作业...... I/OHardwareI IIncrediblevarietyofI/Odevices ...... I/OHardwareII ICommonconcepts:CPU!PORT!BUS!Controller IPort IBus(daisychainorshareddirectaccess) IPCI(PeripheralComponentInterconnect) ISCSI(Smallcomputersystemsinterface) IExpansionbus IController(hostadapter) IHowcantheprocessorcommandcontroller? IControllerhasoneormoreregistersfordataandcontrol signals. ITheprocesscommunicateswiththecontrollerbyreadingand writingbitpatternsintheregisters. II/Oinstructionscontroldevices ITwocommunicationapproaches ...... I/OHardwareIII IDirectI/Oinstructions IAccesstheportaddress IEachporttypicallycontainsoffourregisters,i.e.,status, control,data-inanddata-out. Ie.g.,In,out IMemory-mappedI/O Ie.g.,0xa0000˜0xfffffarereservedtoISAgraphicscardsand BIOSroutines IDeviceI/OPortLocationsonPCs(partial) ...... I/OHardwareIV ...... I/OControlMethods 1.Polling 2.Interrupts 3.DMA 4.(在汤书上:还有通道的概念) ...... PollingI INeedhandshaking IDeterminesstateofdevice Icommand-ready IIncommandregister