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造纸原料概述.ppt

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造纸原料概述FourGreatInventionsofAncientChinaPre-PaperMediaEgyptiansandPapyrusImageofapapyrusplanthttp://legacy.earlham.edu/~seidti/iam/tc_pap66.htmlManufactureofpapyrusItisalsopossiblethatthetwolayersweregluedtogether. Whilestillmoist,thetwolayersarehammeredtogether,mashingthelayersintoasinglesheet.Thesheetisthendriedunderpressure.Afterdrying,thesheetofpapyrusispolishedwithsomeroundedobject,possiblyastoneorseashellorroundhardwood. ItiswidelyacceptedthatTs’aiLun,aChinesecourtofficial,inventedpaperin105AD. Ts’aiLun’sPaperDifferencebetweenpaperandpapyrus原料？原料是一切工业生产的基础。 造纸原料的基本要求 （一）原料质量要好 （二）原料资源要丰富、集中 （三）原料价格要低廉造纸纤维原料的分类FibersforPapermaking造纸纤维原料中的细胞Thecellisthebasicstructuralandfunctionalunitofallknownlivingorganisms.造纸纤维原料中细胞的功能Conductingandsupportingcellsareelongated,axialcells(按轴向排列). Inhardwoods,theconductingcellsconsistofvesselelements,andthesupportingcellsconsistoffibers. Insoftwoods,tracheidsperformbothofthesefunctions. Conductingcellsandsupportingcellsaredeadcellswhosecellcavitiesarefilledwithwaterandair.Storagecellsconsistofshort,thin-walledparenchyma([pE5reNkimE])cells.植物纤维原料中的细胞类型Theraysofsoftwoodsarecomposedeitherofparenchymacellsaloneorofparenchymacellsandraytracheids.Softwoodsaresimpleandregularintheirstructure.Theirwoodsubstanceiscomposedmainlyoftwokindsofcells:longitudinal([lCndVi5tju:dinl])tracheids([treikiid])andrayparenchyma([pE5reNkimE]). Approximately90-95%ofthewoodvolumeisoccupiedbythelongitudinaltracheids.Tracheids(orfibers)areneedle-likecellswhichtransportfluidsthroughthetreeandprovidesstrength.阔叶木原料中的细胞Vesselcellsaretheprincipalwater-conductingcelltypeoffloweringplants韧皮纤维-Libriform[5laibrE7fC:m]fibers纤维管胞—Fibertracheids导管（阔叶材）草类纤维原料中各种细胞形态如图 薄壁细胞竹材原料中各种细胞形态如图 （二）纤维原料中纤维细胞的化学组成重点思考和需掌握的问题