主要致病性真菌医学知识专题宣讲培训课件.ppt

主要致病性真菌医学知识专题宣讲浅部感染真菌表面感染真菌MalasseziafurfurPityriasisversicolorshowinghyperpigmentedlesionsinaCaucasianandhyphopigmentedlesionsinanAustralianAborigineCultureofMalasseziafurfuronDixon'sagar(containsglycerolmono-oleate)Piedraiahortae(何德毛结节菌)Fungalotitisexterna11皮肤癣真菌致病性14TineapediscausedbyT.rubrum.Sub-clinicalinfection(left)showingmildmacerationunderthelittletoeandmoresevereinfection(right)showingextensivemacerationofalltoewebspaces手足癣－治疗原则TineaUnguium甲癣－治疗原则TineaCorporis:causedbyM.canis,followingcontactwithinfectiouskittensTineaCruris(Jockitch):Infectionofthegroin,mainlyseeninmenTineaCapitis(scalpringworm)TineaCapitis(scalpringworm)TineaCapitis(scalpringworm)头癣－治疗原则Candidiasisofskin,mucousmembranesandnails念珠菌性间擦疹皮下组织真菌感染SporotrichosisChromomycosis
Infectionsoccurinexposedareas,skinlesionsbecomedark,socalledchromomycosis
Representivespecies:Cladosporiumcarrianii,Fonsecaeapedrosoi,etc.
Aresaprophyticfungi,usuallyentersthebodybytrauma

经外伤侵入
丘疹
结节
结节融合成疣状或菜花状
斑痕形成影响淋巴回流
肢体象皮肿

ChromomycosisMycetoma足分枝菌病Eumycetoma
Darkgrains
Madurellamycetomatis
Leptosphaeriasenegalensis
Exophialajeanselmei
Palegrains
Fusariumsp.
Acremoniumsp.
Scedosporiumapiospermum
深部真菌感染CharacteristicsofsystemicdimorphicmycosesCoccidioidomycosisCoccidioidomycosis:1.Ethnicity:Filipinos,AfricanAmericans,NativeAmericansathigherrisk
2. Age:Extremesmoresusceptible
3. Sex:Malesmoresusceptible
4. Pregnancy:3rdtrimester
5. ImmunosuppressionHistoplasmosisHistoplasmosisMoreHistoplasmosisHistoplasmosisEvenMoreHistoplasmosisBlastomycosisBlastomycosisAmphotericinBisthedrugofchoiceforrapidlyprogressiveblastomycosis
ItraconazoleorKetoconazoleforlessseverecasesOpportunisticfungalinfections白假丝酵母菌(Candidaalbicans)假菌丝和厚膜孢子Systemicinvolvement微生物检查：Cryptococcusneoformans55致病性微生物学检查曲霉Aspergillus
烟曲霉支气管哮喘或肺部感染
毛霉Mucor
腐生菌脑、肺、胃肠道
卡氏肺孢菌Pneumocystiscarinii
免疫缺陷病人肺炎Aspergillusmorphology61Aspergillusflavus足细胞→分生孢子梗→顶囊→杆状小梗→串状分生孢子（分生孢子头）SpeciesPathogenicityandClinicalSignificancePathogenicityandClinicalSignificanceLaboratorydiagn