smart原则(smart原则).doc

ｓmart原则（smart原则）
Sｍartｐrｉnciple
Eｄitsummarｙ
TheＳMARTprｉnciｐle，[1］,ｉsoneoｆtheｏbjｅctivｅsｍaｎagｅmentconcｅpts、Itｉsaｇoodwaytoｍaｋｅthemaｎager'sworkpassｉveandactive、Gｏalmａnagemｅntisawaｙoｆmakinｇａndachievinｇｇoａlstｈroughtheparticｉpatiｏnofｍａnagｅrs、Ｔheiｍplemeｎtａtionofｔａrgｅｔｍanaｇementisnoｔｏｎｌｙconｄｕciｖeｔｏempｌoyeesmoｒecleaｒａｎｄｅffiｃieｎtｏperａtion,ｉstosetgoaｌsandassｅｓｓmenｔcrｉteriａfｏrfutｕｒeｐerｆorｍanceevaｌuatiｏn，maｋｅthｅeｖａluationmorescienｔｉficandstaｎdａrdｉzｅd，ｂuｔalsotoensurethａtｔｈeeｖaｌuａtioｎofoｐｅn,fａirandequｉtaｂle、
Ａｂrｉefintrｏductiｏnｔothisparagraph
SMARＴｐrinciplｅsanｄobjeｃtiｖｅsmanaｇemｅnt(MBO）,propｏsｅdbyＰeterＤrｕcker,aｍanagｅｍｅｎtｇｕｒu,ｆirstappeaｒedinhisbookＴｈePraｃticeｏｆMaｎagemeｎt()，ｗｈiｃｈwaｓpublishｅｄiｎ19５４、AccorｄiｎgtoＤruｃker，manａgerｓmuｓtavoid＂ＡctｉvｉtｙＴrap"、Tｈeyｃan'tｊustpulｌｔheirheaｄsｄown,insteaｄoflookｉngｕptheｒoaｄ，anｄeveｎtｕallyｆｏrgｅttｈeirmａingoａls、AnimportａｎtｃonceptofＭBOisｔhateｎterprｉｓestｒategiｃplanninｇcａｎnｏtbｅcaｒriｅｄoutbyonｌyafeweｘecｕtives,anｄalｌmａnａgersｓhoｕlｄbeiｎvolｖed，whｉchismoｒeｃonｄｕciveｔｏtheimplemenｔaｔionoｆthestrategy、Aｎoｔherrｅlatｅdｃｏncｅptｉsｔhattheenterｐｒｉsesｈoulddesignapleｔｅperformancｅsysｔeｍtｈaｔｗiｌlhelpｔheentｅrprｉsetoachieveefficientopｅrａtｉｏn、Asareｓuｌt,tａrｇetmanagｅmentcanbeseenasｔheprecursorｏfValueBaｓｅｄManaｇｅmeｎｔ(vａluemａnagemenｔ）、
PetｅｒＤrucker，amanagementgｕru，（3)ｍakingaseeminglysimｐｌeｔhing,eveｒyonehasagoaｌｓeｔtingeｘperience，bｕtifｔherｉsｅtotｈeｔechｎicａlｌevel，tｈemanagｅrmusｔｌｅarnaｎdｍａstertｈeｐrinciｐlesofSMＡＲT、[２]
ＳMＡRＴprinciples（S=Spｅcifiｃ（clａrity），M=Measurable(ｍeaｓｕrable),A=Attaｉｎabｌｅ（reachabilｉty),R＝Reｌeｖant(correlａtｉon），T＝Tiｍｅ-ｂａsｅd）（tiｍｅｂound)、
Ａｔthesaｍｅｔimｅ,tｈeｐｒｉnｃipleofSＭAＲTaｎｄanｏthｅrｖarｉａntｏfｔheSMARTER,thefｉrstfiveｌｅtteｒｓｗiththｅsaｍeｐrinｃｉpｌe，ｔheｌattｅrtwoｌetters"E"and＂R＂ｒespeｃtivｅlｙｃorrespondtｏtｈｅｗordEvalｕaｔe(assｅssment）andＲｅeｖalｕate（asｓｅssｍeｎt)、
Editｔｈiｓparａgrａｐh
Theｓｏ-caｌledSＭARＴprincｉｐle,thatis：
S：（Ｓｐｅciｆｉc)shouldｂeclearａndｃlｅar，sothatboththeｅxamiｎerandthepersonｗhoｈavｅｂeenevaluatedcaｎuｎderstandｔｈetａｒgｅtａccｕｒately;
Ｍ：(Ｍeａsuraｂlｅ)objｅｃtivesｓhouldbequantiｆied,aｎｄthｅsaｍestａndarｄｓｃanbeusｅdto