武汉典型湖泊沉积物中重金属累积特征及其环境风险.pdf

J.LakeSci.(湖泊科学),2009,21(1):61-68
http://www.jlakes.org.E-mail:[e-mail]
©2009byJournalofLakeSciences

武汉典型湖泊沉积物中重金属累积特征及其环境风险*

唐阵武1,2,程家丽1,岳勇2,3,陈玉敏2

(1:华北电力大学能源与环境研究中心,北京102206)
(2:水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875)
(3:中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院,北京100083)

摘要:采集武汉市8个典型湖泊的表层沉积物,分析11种重金属的含量及其不同形态组成,研究了不同湖泊金属元素的富
集与污染程度,探讨了沉积物中重金属的污染来源及其潜在生态风险.结果表明,沉积物中重金属Cd累积最严重,Zn和Hg
也发生明显累积.龙阳湖污染较重,南太子湖和墨水湖污染中等,其它湖泊污染总体较轻.沉积物性质对重金属累积的影响
不显著,城市工业活动强烈影响着重金属的分布.不同重金属的形态分布差异较大,Cd生物可利用态含量最高,其次为Mn、
Zn、Co、Cu和Pb;而Sb和Hg以残留态占绝对优势,生态风险较小.相关分析和主成分分析表明,化石燃料燃烧、金属冶炼
等是武汉市湖泊沉积物中重金属来源的主要贡献者,同时岩石风化等地球化学过程也影响着重金属的污染.
关键词:湖泊沉积物;重金属地累积指数;形态;主成分分析;武汉

Accumulationsandrisksofheavymetalsinthesedimentsfrom8typicallakesinWuhan,
China

TANGZhenwu1,2,CHENGJiali1,YUEYong2,3&CHENYumin2
(1:EnergyandEnvironmentalResearchCenter,NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity,Beijing102206,P.R.China)
(2:StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterEnvironmentSimulation,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,
P.R.China)
(3:InstituteofSafetyandEnvironmentProtectionTechnologyofChinaNationalPetroleumCorporation,Beijing100875,P.R.China)

Abstract:Thecontentandspeciesof11heavymetalsinsurfacesedimentsfrom8typicallakeslocatedinWuhan,China,were
investigated,andtheaccumulation,contamination,potentialecologicalrisksandpossiblesourcesofmetalswerediscussedinthis
paper.Accordingtothemetalgeoaccumulationindexes,theresultsshowedthatthelakesedimentshadheavilypollutedbyCdand
evidentlybyZnandHg.Onthewhole,heavypollutionsofmetalswereobservedinLakeLongyangandmediumpollutioninLake
NantaiziandLakeMoshui,whereastheslightpollutioninotherlakes.Distributionofmetalsinsedimentswasobservedtobenot
significantcorrelationwithphysicochemicalpropertiesofsediments,whereasdistinctlyinfluencedbyurbanindustries.11metals
distributeddifferentlyinlakesediments.ThelargestpercentageoftheformofavailablespeciationwasCdinthelakesediments,with
muchhigherpotentialecologicalhazards,followedbyMn,Zn,Co,CuandPb.Incontrary,As,SbandHgweredominantly
associatedwiththeresidualfra