我国社会救助制度的问题及对策.docx

摘要党的十九大明确提出，要深化贯彻以人民为核心的中心思想，要不断坚持在发展中保证和改善民生。社会救助制度作为社会保障体系的最后一个安全网，在扶贫工作中发挥着兜底线的作用，对维护社会公平、和谐稳定的开展具有不可代替的意义。本文以实证剖析和理论分析为主，分析了现阶段我国社会救助制度面临的问题，并结合国外成功经验提出解决我国社会救助制度的几点意见和策略。论文主要有五个部分。首先介绍了国内外研究的研究背景、研究意义、研究现状、研究内容和研究方法。在此基础上，界定了社会救济制度的概念，并提出了相应的理论依据。接着阐述了我国社会救助制度在近二十年间从封闭式政府救助为主逐渐发展为开放式社会救助，基本实现了单一救助到多元救助的转变，使更多的贫困人群被纳入社会救济体系中的发展演变以及发展现状。最后提出我国社会救助制度在经济新常态下仍然存在着城乡与区域发展不协调，救助手段单一化，执行部门缺位以及管理机构交叉重叠等问题，亟须向精准救助转变，以精准定位、精准鉴别、精准把握来实现社会救助制度的“靶向治理”。关键词：社会救助；兜底线；精准化治理AbstractThenineteenthcongressofthecommunistpartyofChina(CPC)clearlystatedthatweshoulddeepentheimplementationofthepeople-centeredthoughtandensureandimprovepeople'slivelihoodthroughdevelopment.Socialassistancesystemasthelastsafetynetofsocialsecuritysystem,playsanoutlineoftheroleinpovertyalleviationwork,tosafeguardsocialfairness,hasforthesignificanceoftheharmonyandstability.Isgivenprioritytowithempiricalanalysisandtheoreticalanalysis,thispaperanalyzesthecurrentproblemsofsocialreliefsysteminChina,andconnectingwiththeforeignsuccessfulexperiencepointsoutseveralideastosolvethesocialassistancesystemandstrategy.Thethesisconsistsoffiveparts.Firstly,theresearchbackground,significance,currentsituation,researchcontentandresearchmethodsofdomesticandforeignresearchesareintroduced.Onthisbasis,theconceptofsocialreliefsystemisdefined,andthecorrespondingtheoreticalbasisisputforward.ThenexpoundsthesocialreliefsysteminChinainrecent20yearsfromtheenclosedgovernmentaidisgivenprioritytodevelopmentgraduallytoopensocialassistance,basicallyachievedasingletomultipleaidrelief,makemorepoorpeopleareincludedinthedevelopmentandcurrentsituationofthedevelopmentofsocialreliefsystem.FinallyputforwardinthenewsocialreliefsysteminChinastillexistundernormalurbanandruralandregionaldevelopmentisnotharmonious,reliefmeanssimplification,absenceofenforcementandmanagementorganizationoverlapping,urgentlyneedstoaccuraterelief,precisepositioning,accurateidentification,accuratetoachievesocialassistancesystemof"targetmanagement".Keywords:socialassistance;bottomli