浅水湖泊生态系统恢复的理论与实践思.pdf

].LαkeSα(湖泊科学),2005,17(1):9-16
ISSN1003-5427;E-mail:[e-mail]

Copyright2005byJournal0/LαkeSciences

浅水湖泊生态系统恢复的理论与实践思考*

秦伯强，高光，胡维平，吴庆龙，胡春华，刘正文，谷孝鸿，未广伟，陈非洲
(中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所，南京210008)

摘要:随着我国湖泊生态环境越来越严峻，湖泊生态恢复也逐渐被人们所重视.实际上，湖泊生态恢复应该是一项系统
工程，是通过一定程度地减缓或改善环境压力，结合某种或多种水生生物的种养措施，逐步使得生态系统向良性的或者是
被改变前的状态发展目前，湖泊生态恢复不是被单纯地理解为种草、养鱼等，就是被解释为生物群落的人为搭配或镶
嵌.由于这种认识上的偏差，导致湖泊治理中有关生态修复的实践长期以来鲜有成功的实例最后，以太湖为例，给出了
湖泊局部水体生态修复达致净化水质的技术思路通过改善环境来恢复水生植物，通过水生植物恢复来引导生态系统
向草型湖泊转变，通过水生系统恢复达到改善水质的目的这种思路能否成功用于指导湖泊水生植物与生态系统恢复，
还有待于进一步实践的检验.
关键词:富营养化，湖泊生态系统，生态修复;净化水质

ReflectionsontheTheoryandPracticeofShallowLakeEcosystemRestoration

。inBoqiang,GAOGuang,HUWeiping,WUQinglong,HUChunhua,LIUZhengwen,GUXiaohong,ZHUGuan­
gwei&CHENFeizhou

(NαnjingInstill归ofGeogrα，:phyαndLimnology,ChineseAcademyofScie配时，Nαnjing210008,P.R.Chinα)

Abstract:Aquaticecosystemrestorationisawide-usedtermatpresent,andithasgraduallyaroused由eattentionofthepublicand
governmentduetoseriousenvironmentalproblemoflakeinChina.Infact,asasystematicwork,ecosystemrestorationmakesthe
ecosystemtowardsthegoodstateorprestinestatus.Itcomestruethroughthedecreasingorameliorationofenvironmentalpresscom­
biningwithsingleormultiintroducedmeasuresofplantsandanimals.Atpresent,lakeecosystemrestorationisusuallyconsidered
assimpleplantinggrassandcultivatingfishetc.orexplainedastheman-madere-arrangementorincrustationofbiocommunity.
Thesebiasincognitionresultinlesssuccessfulexamplesduringthelongtimeoftheecosystemrestorationpractices.Hereweput
forwardanalternativetechnologicalwaytopurifythelakewaterinpartareaofI.akeTaihuthroughecosystemrestoration,including
threemutual-connectedphases,viz,improvingthelakecondition_restoratingaquaticmacrophyte_ecosystemtransformatingfrom
algae-typedtograss-typedlake_improvingwaterquality.Whetherthisideadirectingtherestorationofaquaticmacrophyteand
lakeecosystemissuccessfulwillbetestedbyfuturepractice
Keywords:Eutrophication;lakeecosystem;ecologicalrestoration;waterpurification

我国是一个多湖泊的国家，全国湖泊共有2759个，总面积达91019km2，