微晶碳在镁基复合储氢材料中的作用.pdf

第28卷第5期Vol.28No.5JournalofShandongUniversityofScienceandTechnology
54
2009年10月Oct.2009NaturalScience

微晶碳在镁基复合储氢材料中的作用

周仕学,杨敏建,马怀营,张同环,张光伟
(山东科技大学化学与环境工程学院,山东青岛266510)

摘要:为了提高金属镁的放氢动力学性能,将无烟煤经脱灰并碳化后制得的微晶碳添加到镁粉中,用氢气反应球
磨法一步制得高性能镁碳复合储氢材料。用X射线衍射和红外光谱对微晶碳的结构进行了表征,用透射电镜、X
射线能谱、粉末X射线衍射对储氢材料的结构进行了测试,用差示扫描量热分析和P2C2T分析对材料的储氢性能
进行了研究。结果表明,微晶碳具有类石墨晶体结构,对镁有良好的助磨作用,并与镁有协同吸氢和放氢作用。镁
粉中添加40%微晶碳,球磨2h的粒度即可达到30～50nm,储氢材料的初始放氢温度可低至22714℃,储氢密度
可达617%。
关键词:无烟煤;微晶碳;镁;储氢材料

中图分类号:TG139文献标志码:A文章编号:167223767(2009)0520054204

TheEffectofMicroliticCarboninMg2basedCompositeHydrogen2storedMaterials
ZHOUShi2xue,YANGMin2jian,MAHuai2ying,ZHANGTong2huan,ZHANGGuang2wei
(CollegeofChemicalandEnvironmentalEngineering,SUST,Qingdao,Shandong266510,China)

Abstract:Inordertoimprovethehydrogen2releasedynamicperformanceofmetalmagnesium,themicroliticcarbonpre2
paredfromanthracitebydemineralizationandcarbonizationwasusedtoaddintothemagnesiumpowderstoproducethe
magnesium2carboncomposedhydrogen2storedmaterialswithhighperformancebyreactiveballmillingmethodunderhydro2
genatmosphere.ThestructureofmicroliticcarbonwascharacterizedbytheX2raydiffractionandinfraredspectrum,and
thatofthehydrogen2storedmaterialwastestedbythetransmissionelectronmicroscope,X2rayenergyspectrum,andpow2
derX2raydiffraction.Theperformanceofhydrogen2storageformaterialswasinvestigatedbydifferentialscanningcalorime2
tryandp2c2Ttest.Theresultsshowthatthemicroliticcarbonisofsimilarstructuretographite,thecarbonactsasmilling
aidformagnesiumpowderduringballmilling,andthesynergisticeffectforhydrogenationanddehydrogenationoccursbe2
tweenmagnesiumandmicroliticcarbon.Withtheadditionof40%ofmicroliticcarbon,themagnesiumparticlesaremilled
to30～50nmin2handtheinitialdehydrogenationtemperatureoftheresultedhydrogen2storedmaterialdecreasesto22714
℃aswellasthehydrogen2storeddensityisupto617%.
Keywords:anthracite;microliticcarbon;magnesium;hydrogen2storedmaterial

储氢材料可用作氢燃料电池汽车的氢源材料,还可为合成气加氢脱硫、油料加氢精制、重油加氢裂化、煤
加氢液化等提供高活性氢。金属镁资源丰富,密度小(1174kg/m3),储氢密度大(理论值可达7160%)