动词后接不定式和动名词的区别.doc

一．动词后接不定式和动名词的区别
1.Stoptodo停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事
Stopdoing停止正在做的某事
Theystoppedtosmokeacigarette.
Imuststopsmoking.
2.Forgettodo忘记要去做
Forgetdoing忘记做过某事
Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.
Heforgotturningthelightoff.
3.remembertodo记着去做某事
Rememberdoing记着做过某事
Remembertogotothepostofficeafterschool.
Don’tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?
4.trytodo设法或努力去做某事
Trydoing尝试着做某事
Youmusttrytobemorecareful.
Itriedgardeningbutdidn’tsucceed.
5.regrettodo对要做的事情遗憾
Regretdoing对做过的事情遗憾，后悔
Iregrettohavetodothis,butIhavenochoice.
Idon’tregrettellingherwhatIthought.
6.meantodo打算，想
Meandoing意味着
Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.
Doingthatmeanswastingtime.
7.goontodo放下手中的活，继续去做别的活
Goondoing继续做原来做的活
WehadsupperandwentontowatchTV.
Hedidn’thavearestandwentonworking.
8.beafraidtodo不敢，胆怯去做某事，主观原因不去做意为“怕”
Beafraiddoing担心出现doing所指的状况，结果，doing是客观造成的结果，意为“生怕”“恐怕”
Shewasafraidtowakeherhusbandup.
Shewasafraidofwakingherhusband.
二．动词不定式做宾补和分词做宾补的区别
Lookat,see,watch,hear,find,feel等感官动词后接不定式做宾补时，表示动作的全过程已结束，后接分词做宾补时，表示动作的一部分正在进行。
Isawhimcrosstheroad.
Isawhimcrossingtheroad
Iheardsomeoneentertheroom.
Iheardsomeonesinging.
Ifeltsomethinghitmeontheback.
Canyoufeelthetrainslowingdown?

三．Need,require,want后跟不定式和动名词的区别
当need,require,want做“需要”理解时，后加动名词主动式等于不定式的被动式。
Thewindowneedscleaning.====Thewindowneedstobecleaned.
四．现在分词与过去分词的区别
1.在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。
thesurprisingnews
asurprisedman
amovingfilm
themovedpeople
2.在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作。
thedevelopingcountry
thedevelopedcountry
therisingsun
therisensun
五．注意含有介词to的固定短语
1.Make(a)contribution(s)to为-----做贡献
Everyoneshouldmakeacontributiontosociety.
devoteto献身，致力于-----
Hehasdevotedhislifetohelpingdisabledpeople.
lookforwardto期待，盼望
wearesomuchlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.
prefer-----to-----两者间更喜欢-------
Ipreferwalkingtocycling.
5.beusedto习惯----，适应-----
Sheisquiteusedtoworkinghard.
六．易混句式
1.havesbdosth让某人做某事，have可以用let,make代替
Thesoldiershadtheboystandwithhisbacktohisfather.
2.havesbdoingsth让某人一直做某事，have可以用keep代替，动作具有持续进行的含义
Thetwom