瞬间动词在现在完成时态中的用法.ppt

瞬间动词在现在完成时态中的用法
瞬间动词（也叫点动词、终止性动词、结束性动词、非延续性动词），表示短暂的、持续时间很短的动作。

常用的瞬间动词有以下这些：
arrive,begin,borrow,lend,
buy,become,come,go,die,
join,leave,lose,find,finish,
start,stop,see,hear,open,close
瞬间动词的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用：
IhaveleftXi’anfor3days.×
IleftXi’an3daysago.√
Hehasdiedfor5months.×
Hedied5monthsago.√

瞬间动词的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以转换为对应的延续性动词后再接段时间状语。

leave–beawayfrom
IleftXi’an3daysago.
I’vebeenawayfromXi’anfor3days.

come–be
Elenacamehere5minutesago.
Elenahasbeenherefor5hours.

comeback–beback
HarrycamebackfromMarsamonthago.
HarryhasbeenbackfromMarsforamonth.

buy–have
Tonyboughtacomicbookaweekago.
Tonyhashadthiscomicbookforaweek.

borrow–keep
AmyborrowedacomicbookfromTonythedaybeforeyesterday.
Amyhaskeptthisbookfortwodays.
die–bedead
AdolfHitlerdied65yearsago.
AdolfHitlerhasbeendeadfor65years.
begin–beon
Themoviebegan10minutesago.
Themoviehasbeenonfor10minutes.

open(v.)–beopen(adj.开门的、开始营业的)
Sweetie’sSweetsShopopenedat8:00today.It’s10:00now.
Sweetie’sSweetsShophasbeenopenfor2hours.

close(v.)–beclosed(adj.(关闭的)
Themovietheatreclosed2hoursago.
Themovietheatrehasbeenclosedfor2hours.

become–be
Sweetiebecameateacherin2004.It’s2011now.
Sweetiehasbeenateacherfor7years.

但瞬间动词的否定式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用：
Ihaven’tlefthomeforamonth.
Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.