初三英语定语从句专项练习.doc

初三英语定语从句专项练习

定语从句
定义：
在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，位于从句之前。定语从句有关系代词that、which、who、whose、whom和关系副词when、where、why引导.
定语从句的基本结构为：
先行词+关系代/副词+句子
doyouknowtheboywhoiswearingabluejacket?
theskirtthat/whichismadeofsilkisveryexpensive.ican’taffordit.
thenumberofthepeoplewho/thatowncarsisincreasing.
thehousethat(which、/)thefamouspersononcelivedinisveryoldnow.
考点1.关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why.
a.that－既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略；不引导非限定性定语从句
therearelotsofthings________ineedtopreparebeforethetrip.（10河北）
a.whob.thatc.whomd.whose
(答案:b)
b.which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.可引导非限定性定语从句。
thisisthedictionary________mumgavemeformybirthday.(08河北)
a.whichb.whatc.whosed.whom
(答案：a)
sorry,wedon’thavethecoat________youneed.(09河北)
a.whatb.whoc.whomd.which
(答案：d)
c.who－般指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）
jamieisayoungcook________wantstoimproveschooldinners.(10天津)
a.whob.whosec.whomd.which
(答案：a)
d.whose作定语,表示所属关系。
iliketheteacher________classesareveryinterestingandcreative.(09兰州)
a.whichb.whoc.whatd.whose
(答案：d)
e.when作时间状语:when=介词+which
shewillneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)shewasmarried.
f.where作地点状语where=介词+which
iwanttoknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)iwasborn.
g.why作原因状语,其先行词常常是thereason.why=forwhich
thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)i’mlate.
2.当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。
1.iprefershoesthatarecool.
2.ilikeapizzathatisreallydelicious.
3.有时只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有六种：
1).当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,或被它们修饰时。
that’sallthatiknow.
isthereanythingthaticandoforyou?
2).当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰thatisthemostinterestingbookthatihaveeverread.
3).当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。
that’stheonlythingthaticandonow.thesearetheverywordsthatheused.
4).当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.
whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?whichisthepenthatyoulost?
5).先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.
themanandhisdogthatialwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.
6).当关系代词在从句中作表语时。
chinaisnotthecountrythatitwas.
4.只用which,不用that的情况：
1).关系代词前有介词时。
thisisthecagethat/whichpollylivesin.
=thisisthecage