定语从句的结构及理解.doc

.定语从句的结构及理解
2.定语从句的关系词的使用
3.定语从句的简化表达

知识总结归纳
（一）定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：
限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它，则句义显得不完整，从句与先行词紧密相连。
非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词之间有逗号隔开。
1.Beforeshecouldmove,sheheardaloudnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar.
2.Treeaftertreewentdown,cutdownbythewater,whichmusthavebeenthreemetersdeep.
3.Flora,whosebeautifulhairanddresswereallcoldandwet,startedcrying.
4.Theirtalkincludesrhythmandrhymingwordsaswellastonguetwisters,whichoftenmaketheaudienceapplaud.

（二）定语从句的结构：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词（关系代词或关系副词：that,which,who,whose,when,where,why）。先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间，地点，原因状语。
结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。
1.Thereshesawawallofwaterthatwasquicklyadvancingtowardsher.
2.InJapan,someonewhoseesanotherpersonmakingthegesturewillthinkitmeansmoney.
3.Athemeparkisacollectionofrides,exhibitionsorotherattractionsthatarebasedonacommontheme.
4.TheparkhasaconservationcenterthathelpsprotectmarineanimalsandtheirhabitatsintheriversandcoastalwatersofAsia.
5.Visitorscangoonexcitingrideswheretheycanfeelwhatitisliketodothethingstheyhaveseentheirheroesdointhemovie.
6.OprahWinfreyisablackwomanwhoserisetofameisaninspiringstory.

（三）关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词，这些关系词在介词后面常用which或whom.
1.TherewasamanwithwhomIwouldhavetoworktogetherandfinallythemanagerofthecompany.
2.Manypeoplewhosawthefilmwereafraidtoswimintheseawhentheyrememberedthescenesinwhichpeoplewereeatenbytheshark.

知识重点与难点
（一）当先行词有最高级，序数词修饰，是不定代词，或是all,no,only等形式时，关系代词一般用that，而不能用which。
1.TheTitanicwasthelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuiltatthattime.
2.Thereisonethingthatkeepsworryingme.

（三）定语从句的简化表达：
1.ThemanwhoissittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.
2.Theletterthatwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.
3.Thequestionthatisbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.
4.Youarewelcometoapartytobegiveninourclassat7:45.
说明：以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来：
1.ThemansittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.
2.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.
3.Thequestionbeingdi