与森林相关的词汇及对照英文翻译.doc

森林forest
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森林forest原始林virginforest次生林secondaryforest天然林naturalforest人工林forestplantation,man-madeforest速生丰产林fast-growingandhigh-yieldplantation乔林highforest中林compositeforest矮林coppiceforest针叶林coniferousforest阔叶林broadleavedforest落叶阔叶林deciduousbroadleavedforest常绿阔叶林evergreenbroadleavedforest热带雨林tropicalrainforest红树林mangroveforest林种forestcategory用材林timberforest防护林protectionforest经济林non-timberproductforest培育木材以外的其它林产品为主的森林。薪炭林firewoodforest,fuelwoodforest能源林energyforest特种用途林forestforspecialuse风景林amenityforest纯林pureforest混交林mixedforest同龄林evenagedforest异龄林unevenagedforest单层林分uniformstand复层林分multi-storiedstand林学forestscience,forestry树木学dendrology树木生理学treephysiology森林气象学forestmeteorology森林土壤学forestsoilscience森林生物学forestbiology森林生态学forestecology林业经济学foresteconomics森林遗传学forestgenetics林木育种学foresttreeimprovement,foresttreebreeding森林培育学silviculture又称“造林学”。森林病理学forestpathology森林昆虫学forestentomology森林测计学forestmensuration又称“测树学”。森林经理学forestmanagement林业史forestryhistory水土保持学soilandwaterconservation园林学landscapearchitecture木材学woodscience,woodtechnology森林利用学forestutilization林业工程学forestengineering木材加工学woodprocessing林产化学加工学chemicalprocessingofforestproducts林业forestry森林资源forestresources森林覆盖率forestcoverage,percentageofforestcover森林效益foresteffect乡村林业ruralforestry城市林业urbanforestry粗放林业extensiveforestry集约林业intensiveforestry森林工业forestindustry森林经营forestmanagement林业政策forestpolicy林业经济foresteconomy林业法规forestryregulation森林生态系统forestecosystem生物地理群落biogeocoenosis农林复合生态系统integralagroforestryecosystem森林物质循环mineralcyclinginforest,materialcyclinginforest森林能量平衡energyequilibriuminforest林分stand林分组成standcomposition林龄standage林分起源originofstand林相forestform林分密度standdensity郁闭度crowndensity森林环境forestenvironment立地site立地类型sitetype喜光树种intoleranttreespecies曾用名“阳性树种”。耐荫树种shade-toleranttreespecies喜温树种thermophiloustreespecies耐寒树种winterhardytreespecies旱生树种xerophiloustreespe