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第38卷第9期煤炭科学技术Vol.38No.9 2010年9月CoalScienceandTechnologySept.2010 采矿与井巷工程 急倾厚煤层综放开采顶煤超前预裂爆破技术 来兴平1,2,胡开江3,郭秉超3,陈建强3,漆涛3,周强3,崔峰1,2 (1.西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054;2.教育部西部矿井开采及灾害防治重点实验室,陕西西安710054; 3.神华新疆能源有限责任公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830027) 摘要:急倾厚煤层综放开采中顶煤充分软弱化才能有效放出,但充分实施超前预爆弱化顶煤工艺 有潜在危险,为实现安全高效综放开采,确定合理预爆工艺参数,提高顶煤破碎度,基于现场煤层 赋存环境与开采条件分析,采用数值模拟和钻孔窥视等方法,剖析了顶煤预裂爆破后顶煤应力分布 规律与顶煤破碎程度。结果表明:爆破松动范围为1.2m,爆破孔排距为4.5~5.0m,节理裂隙网 络分布与演化符合S形分布规律,煤层透气性得到提高,工作面矿压显现不剧烈,超前支承压力分 布范围向工作面内移,应力集中区域范围明显减少,实现了安全开采。 关键词:急倾厚煤层;综放开采;超前预裂;爆破;应力分布;煤层透气性 中图分类号:TD322文献标志码:A文章编号:0253-2336(2010)09-0001-03 AdvancePre-CrackingBlastingTechnologyofRoofCoalfor FullyMechanizedTopCoalCavingMininginSteepInclinedThickSeam LAIXing-ping1,2,HUKai-jiang3,GUOBing-chao3,CHENJian-Qiang3,QITao3,ZHOUQiang3,CUIFeng1,2 (1.SchoolofEnergy,XianUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Xian710054,China; 2.MinistryofEducationsKeyLabofMiningandDisasterPreventionandControlinWesternMine,Xian710054,China; 3.ShenhuaXinjiangEnergyCompanyLtd.,Urumqi830027,China) Abstract:Inthefullymechanizedtopcoalcavingmininginthesteepinclinedthickseam,thetopcoalcouldbecavedonlywhenthetop coalwasfullyweakened.Buttherewouldbedangersinpotentialwhenthetopcoaladvancepre-blastingweakeningtechniQueconduc- ted.Inordertohaveasafetyandhighefficientfullymechanizedtopcoalcavingmining,torationallysetupthepre-blastingtechniQue parameterstoimprovethebreakingofthetopcoal,basedontheanalysisonthesiteseamdepositenvironmentandminingconditions,the numericalsimulationandtheboreholepeepwereappliedtoanalyzethetopcoalstressdistributionlawandthetopcoalbreakingdegreeaf- terthepre-crackingblastingofthetopcoalconducted.Theresultsshowedthattheblastingreleasingrangewas1.2m,therawofthe blastingboreholeswas4.5~5.0m,thejointcracknetworkdistributionandevolutioncouldmeettheStypedistributionlaw,thepermea- bilityoftheseamwasimprovedandthestratapressurebehaviorofthecoalminingfacewouldnotbeserious.Theadvancesupportpres- suredistributionrangewouldbeforwardtothecoalminingfaceandthestressconcentrationzonerangewas