新概念英语第一册语法总集知识讲解.doc

新概念英语第一册语法总集(1)时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，现在完成时，一般将来时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时1.一般现在时表示一般性，经常性的动作或一般性事实。（1）含有be动词的句子Heisateacher.Thegirlisverybeautiful.TimandJackarestudents.★变疑问句将be动词移到句首Isheateacher?Isthegirlverybeautiful?AreTimandJackstudents?★变否定句在be动词后面加notHeisnotateacher.Thegirlisnotverybeautiful.TimandJackarenotstudents.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,heis.No,heisnot.Yes,sheis.No,sheisnot.Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.（2）不含有be动词的句子，即含有一般动词的句子第三人称单数及单数名词Helikesbooks.Shelikeshim.Thedoglikesbones.★变疑问句在句首加does,动词变为原型Doeshelikebooks?Doesshelikehim?Doesthedoglikebones?★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t,动词变为原型，原句中的动词不再有第三人称变化。Hedoesn’tlikebooks.Shedoesn’tlikehim.Thedogdoesn’tlikebones.★肯定回答及否定回答：Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn’t.Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’tYes,itdoes.No,itdoesn’t.注意：第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S，不要和名词复数混淆，变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。（3）其他人称及复数名词Iwanttohaveabath.Wehavesomemeat.Thestudentslikesmartteachers.★变疑问句在句首加doDoyouwanttohaveabath?Dowehaveanymeat?Dothestudentslikesmartteachers?★变否定句在主语和动词之间加don’t.Youdon’twanttohaveabath.Wedon’thaveanymeat.Thestudentsdon’tlikesmartteachers.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.Yes,wedo.No,wedon’t2.现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。构成：主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分(现在分词的构成见附录)Wearehavinglunch.Heisreadingabook.Thedogisrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★变疑问句将be动词移到句首Arewehavinglunch?Ishereadingabook?Isthedogrunningafteracat?Aretheboysswimmingacrosstheriver?★变否定句在be动词后面加notWearenothavinglunch.Heisnotreadingabook.Thedogisnotrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★特殊疑问句：what,which,how,where,who,etc.疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词Whatareyoudoing?Whatisshedoing?Whatisthedogdoing?没有进行时的动词(必背)表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作（1）表示感觉，感官的词see,hear,like,love,want,（2）have,has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时3.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或事件，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastnight,thedaybeforeyesterday,3daysago,（1）含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，am,is的过去式为was，are的过去式为wereIwasatthebutcher’s.Youwereastudentayearago.Theteacherwasverybeautifultenyearsago.★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首Wereyouatthebutcher’s?Wereyouastudentayearago?Wastheteacherverybeautifultenyearsago?★变否定句在be动词后面加notIwasnotatthebutcher’s.Youw