桥梁结构地震碰撞效应及防落梁措施研究现状.pdf

第24卷第5期公路交通科技Vol24No52007年5月JournalofHighwayandTransportationResearchandDevelopmentMay2007文章编号:10020268(2007)05007105桥梁结构地震碰撞效应及防落梁措施研究现状王军文1,李建中2,范立础2(1石家庄铁道学院土木工程分院,河北石家庄050043;2同济大学桥梁工程系,上海200092)摘要:介绍了桥梁结构地震碰撞效应及防落梁措施方面的一些近期进展。在介绍了接触碰撞问题的计算理论及分析方法的基础上,对地震作用下相邻桥梁结构间碰撞效应的理论以及试验研究进展进行了回顾和总结;并针对地震中桥梁上部结构发生落梁的问题,介绍了减轻相邻梁体间碰撞的措施、桥梁伸缩缝处的支承宽度、纵向限位器的设计方法、横向抗震挡块的设计方法等研究方面的进展,分析了各国抗震设计规范对桥梁伸缩缝处支承宽度的规定,同时指出目前我国在这方面研究的欠缺。关键词:桥梁工程;综述;地震;碰撞效应;防落梁措施;限位器;抗震挡块中图分类号:U4425+5文献标识码:AStateofArtofCurrentStudiesontheEffectofSeismicInducedPoundingbetweenAdjacentBridgeDecksandFallingoffPreventionMeasuresWANGJunwen1,LIJianzhong2,FANLichu2(1SchoolofCivilEngineering,ShijiazhuangRailwayInstitute,HebeiShijiazhuang050043,China;2DepartmentofBridgeEngineering,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China)Abstract:TherecentstudiesontheeffectoftheseismicinducedpoundingbetweenadjacentbridgedecksandfallingoffpreventionmeasuresareintroducedinthispaperFirstly,thecomputingtheoriesandanalyticalmethodsofcontactpoundingbetweenadjacentbridgedecksarepresentedSecondly,thestateoftheartofthetheoreticalandexperimentalstudiesonpoundingeffectsbetweenadjacentbridgedeckssubjectedtolongitudinalearthquakeisreviewedandsummarizedLastly,formeasuresofmitigatingpoundingbetweenadjacentbridgedecks,designmethodsofhingeseatwidthatexpansionjoints,designmethodsoflongitudinalrestrainersanddesignmethodoftransverseshearkeysareintroducedinthelightofpulloffanddropcollapseofbridgedecksduringearthquake;andhingeseatwidthsintheseismicspecificationsofdifferentcountriesareanalyzedFurthermore,itwasindicatedthatthelackofstudiesontheeffectofseismicinducedpoundingbetweenadjacentbridgedecksandfallingoffpreventionmeasuresinChinaKeywords:bridgeengineering;overview;earthquake;poundingeffect;fallingoffpreventionmeasures;restrainers;shearkeys是引起结构破坏的主要原因。1989年美国洛马普里0引言埃塔(LomaPrieta)地震中,由于设计低估了相邻桥最近20余年,地球上发生的多次地震灾害对桥跨间相对位移,预留的支承面太窄,致使旧金山奥梁抗震设计理论产生了巨大的影响。美国、日本等克兰海湾大桥引桥的一跨落梁[1];旧金山ChinaBasin国,对于传统的抗震设计、