高三英语总复习 定语从句课件(4)新人教版 课件.ppt

定语从句考一、关系代词的用法下面几种情况只能用that引导定语从句不能用which：(1)先行词为下列不定代词allmuchlittlefewsomethinganythingeverythingnothing等时:(2)先行词被下列词allanyeveryfewlittlenosome等修饰时:(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时:(4)先行词被theonlytheverythelast等修饰时：(5)先行词既有人又有物时：(6)在以who、which开头的特殊疑问句中以避免重复：2.whowhom指人在从句中who可作主语和宾语whom只作宾语that可代用who和whom。whom作宾语时可用who替代也可省略。只能用who不能用that指“人”的情况(1)当先行词是指人的代词：oneonesanyonethose等或人称代词时:(2)在“therebe”结构中:(3)当先行词是人后面有较长修饰语时:3.whose在从句中作定语。指“某人(物)的”相当于“the+名词+ofwhich/whom”或“the+名词+ofwhich/whom”：Florawhosehairanddresswerewetandcoldstartedcrying.(=thehairanddressofwhom)Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.(=thewindowofwhich)根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯及从句自身含义的需要可将介词放在which/whom之前介词后不用that：Isthisthesoliderfromwhomyougotagun?IrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.ThisisthegirlaboutwhomIoftentalk.=ThisisthegirlofwhomIoftenspeak.Hemadeaholeinthewallthroughwhichhecouldseewhatwashappeningoutside.TheChineseteamgot16goldmedalsofwhich12werewonbywomen.Moreexamples1.when指时间在从句中作时间状语可用“介词(oninatduring等)＋which”代替：2.where指地点在从句中作地点状语可用“介词(inaton等)＋which”代替：3.why指原因在从句中作原因状语可用“forwhich”代替：特别注意：当先行词表示时间或地点而引导词在从句中作主语或宾语时不能用when、where而要用关系代词which或that试比较：TheyplantedtreesinMaywhichisthebestseasoninBeijing.Themuseum(which/that)wevisitedhasalonghistory.1.限制性定语从句和主句关系密切去掉从句主句意义就不完整甚至不合逻辑：2.非限制性定语从句常用逗号与先行词或主句隔开去掉从句并不影响主句的意思不能用that来引导：which引导非限制性定语从句也可指代整个主句但只能放在主句之后。如：Hedidlendmethemoneywhich/asIstillremember.=AsIstillrememberhedidlendmethemoney.六、其他应注意的问题1.theway后面的定语从句一般由that或inwhich引导通常可以省略：2.当先行词是“oneof+复数名词”时从句中的谓语用复数；当先行词是“theonlyoneof+复数名词”时谓语用单数：3.that引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区别：4.分隔式定语从句Shesangthesongsperfectlythere