外研版英语必修10 Module1 Pride and Prejudice-Grammar and Usage.doc

用心爱心专心Module1PrideandPrejudicePeriodTwoGrammarandusageStep1:Generalintroduction代词归纳代词按意义，特征及句法功能可分为：人称代词，物主代词，指示代词，相互代词，反身代词，不定代词，疑问代词，连接代词，关系代词。1.人称代词(表1)数格和句法人数单数复数主格作主语宾格作宾语主格作主语宾格作宾语第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称he男性him男性theythemshe女性her女性theythemitittheythem2.物主代词(表2)数人称类属单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhis/her/itsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshis/hers/itsoursyourstheirs3.指示代词this,that,these,those表示近指,用this,these;表示远指,用that,those.指代上文的事物时,用this或that;引出下文的事物时,常用this;指代前面所述两个事物中的前者用that,后者用this.例如：Healthisabovewealth,forthiscannotgivesomuchhappinessasthat.③为避免重复,前面提到过的名词,多用that,those代替，该名词是可数单数或不可数名词时用that;是复数名词用those,既可以代人,也可以代物,但those后一定要有修饰语。4.相互代词和反身代词相互代词有eachother和oneanother反身代词有:(和人称代词对应表)(表3)数人称种类单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词Iyouhe/she/itweyouthey反身代词myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves反身代词的常见搭配:byoneselfforoneselfbenotoneselfcometooneselftalktooneselfmakeoneselfathomeseatoneselfenjoyoneselfdressoneselfdevoteoneselftohelponeselftokilloneselfintroduceoneselfbehaveoneself5.不定代词①容易混淆的不定代词辨析范围句式both,all,neither,none,either,any(表4)二者三者或三者以上肯定both（都）/either（任意一）all(都)/any（任意一）否定neithernone疑问eitheranye.g.Therearemanytreesoneithersideofthestreet.Therearemanytreesonbothsidesofthestreet.Thestudentsarestandingonallsidesoftheplayground.nothing,nobody,none,noone(表5)类属只能指人nobody,noone只能指物nothing既可指人，又可指物none场合回答What…?问句nothing回答Who…?问句nobody/noone回答Howmany/much或Is/Arethere…?问句none结构可跟of短语none,nothing不可跟of短语nobody,noonee.g.---Whatwereyoudoingyesterdayafternoon?---Nothing.---Whoareyoutalkingwith?---Nobody/Noone.---Howmanyelephantscanyouseeinthezoo?---None.---Arethereanystudentsintheclassroom?---None.---Haveyouanymoneywithyou?Ineedsomebadly.---Sorry,butnoneatall.some及some类词与any及any类词(表6)用法句式一般用法特殊用法肯定句some及some类词any及any类词(表示任何人或事)否定句any及any类词疑问句any及any类词some及some类词（表示向对方征求意见，提出请求或预料期望会得到答复和行动）条件句any及any类词e.g.Iaskedhimforsomepaper,buthehadn’tany.Ihavenomoneyonme.Wouldyoupleaselendmesome?I’mverythirsty.Canyougivemesomethingtodrink?If