《大学英语自学教程》上册2-豆柴文库

《大学英语自学教程》上册2.doc

2024-06-19

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大学英语自学教程(上) 16-A.HeartDisease:TreatorPrevent? OneofthegreatestkillersintheWesternworldisheartdisease.Thedeathratefromthediseasehasbeenincreasingatanalarmingspeedforthepastthirtyyears.TodayinBritain,forexample,aboutfourhundredpeopleadaydieofheartdisease.Westernhealthcaresystemsarespendinghugesumsofmoneyonthesurgicaltreatmentofthedisease. Thisemphasisontreatmentisclearlyassociatedwiththetechnologicaladvancesthathavetakenplaceinthepasttentofifteenyears.Inthistime,moderntechnologyhasenableddoctorstodevelopnewsurgicaltechniquesandprocedures.ManyopeationsthatwereconsideredimpossibleafewyearsagoarenowperformedeverydayinU.S.hospitals.Theresulthasbeenarapidincreaseinheartsurgery. Althoughthereisnodoubtthatalargenumberofpeoplebenefitfromheartsurgery,criticsofourhealth-caresystemspointoutthattheemphasisonthesurgicaltreatmentofthediseasehasthreecleardisadvantages.First,itattractsinterestandfinancialresourcesawayfromthequestionofprevention.Second,itcausesthecostsofgeneralhospitalcaretorise.Afterhospitalsbuytheexpensiveequipmentthatisnecessaryformodernheartsurgery,theymusttrytorecoverthemoneytheyhavespent.Todothis,theyraisecostsforalltheirpatients,notjustthosepatientswhosetreatmentrequirestheequipment.Thethirddisadvantageisthatdoctorsareencouragedtoperformsurgery--evenonpatientsforwhomanoperationisnotatallnecessary--becausetheequipmentandsurgicalexpertiseisavailable.Afederalgovernmentofficerecentlysaidthatmajorheartsurgerywasoftenper-formedeventhoughitschancesofsuccesswerelow.Inonetypeofheartsurgery,forexample,only15percentofpatientsbenefitedfromthesurgery. Intherecentpast,medicalresearchershavebeguntoemphasizethefactthatheartdiseaseisassociatedwithstress,smokingandalackofexercise,andwecanoftenreducetheriskofheartdiseasebypayingmoreattentiontothesefactors. Moreandmorepeoplearerealizingthatthereisaconnectionbetweenheartdiseaseandthewaytheylive.Asaresultofthisnewawareness,attitudestowardhealtharechanging.Inthepast,peopletendedtothinkthatitwassufficientforgoodh

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