考研英语语法小讲.docx

考研英语语法小讲考研英语语法小讲【提要】考研语句信息:2018考研英语语法小讲：强调非谓语句其基本句型是：“It+is/was+被强调的成分+that/who+其她成分”。It没有实意，只起语法作用，引导被强调的部分。当被强调的是人时，可用who(m)/that,其他情况用that。例如：ItwasIwho/thatmetJackyesterday.是我昨天碰到了Jack.(强调主语)ItwasJackthat/whomImetyesterday.我昨天碰到的是Jack。(强调宾语)ItwasyesterdaythatImetJack.是昨天我碰到了Jack.(强调时间状语)这几句话复原为非强调句就是：ImetJackyesterday.Itispeople,notthings,thataredecisive.决定的因素是人，不是物。(强调主语)ItisbecausethebookisveryimportantformypresentjobthatIboughtit.是因为这本书对我目前的工作很有用，我才买了它。(强调原因状语)ItwasinthesupermarketthatIgavethebooktohim.是在那家超市里我给了他那本书。(强调地点状语)1.强调主语：ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.是John打破了窗子。原句：Johnbrokethewindow.Itisthisoverpassthatwillbepulleddown.将被拆掉的是这个天桥。原句：Thisoverpasswillbepulleddown.Itisthepeoplewho/thatarereallypowerful.真正有力量的.是人民。原句：Thepeoplearereallypowerful.2.强调状语：(1)强调时间状语。例如：Itwasatthatmomentthathechangedhismind.是在那一刻他改变了主意。ItiseverydaythatProfessorSmithgoesswimming.史密斯教授是天天去游泳。ItwasnotuntilSaturdaythathebegantopreparefortheexamination.他直到星期六才开始为考试作准备。注意：这句话的原句是HedidnotbegintopreparefortheexaminationuntilSaturday.变成强调时间状语，注意“not”位置的变化。(2)强调地点状语。例如：ItwasinthelibrarythatImetJackyesterday.是在图书馆我昨天碰到了Jack.原句：ImetJackinthelibraryyesterday.ItmighthavebeenonthebusthatIlostmypurse.可能是在公共汽车上我丢失了钱包。原句是：Imighthavelostmypurseonthebus.强调地点状语，也可改为：ItwasonthebusthatImighthavelostmypurse.ItwasunderthetreethatIwassittingthen.当时我正坐在那棵树下。3.强调宾语。例如：ItwasTom’sbikethatsheborrowed,notmine.她借的是Tom的自行车，不是我的。Itishisdogthathe’ssold,nothiscar.他已卖掉的是他的狗，不是车。Itwasacatthatyourdogwasrunningafter.你的狗追的是只猫。4.强调宾语补足语：例如：Itwaswonderfulthatweconsideredhisplan.我们认为他的计划是绝妙的。ItisLincolnthattheynamedtheaircraftcarrier.他们把那艘航母命名为林肯号。Itwascaptainthattheteamchosehim.那个队选他当的是队长。ItwaswhitethatTomwaspaintingthefence.汤姆当时正在把篱笆涂成白色的。这句话的原句是：Tomwaspaintingthefencewhite.类似的结构有：colorthesunred,colorthetreegreen,paintthewallpink等，这里，颜色作宾语补足语。ItisafineplayerthatwebelieveJane.我们相信Jane是一个出色的选手。ItistheBuckinghamPalacethattheBritishQueen’sofficebuildingiscalled.英国女王的办公大楼被称作白金汉宫。ItisCadillacthatthiscarisnamed.这辆车被命名为卡迪拉克。