定语从句中which.docx

定语从句中which定语从句中which引导语：定语从句中which怎么用？下面由小编告诉你们吧，欢迎阅读！定语从句中which怎么用Which引导的定语从句在语法和语用功能有利于区别于that引导的定语从句的鲜明特色.一、语法要点.①有宽阔的指代范围.不仅可措代主句中某一先行词___名词（A）,还可以指代主句中某些句子成分,如不定式宾补,不定式宾语,动宾结构等（B）,甚至整个主句（C）.后两项功能是that所没有的.（A）Thecomputerwhich(=that)Iboughtyesterdayishomemade.（B）YesterdayIaskedhimtogotothecinemawithme,whichagreed(昨天我要他同我一道去看电影,他同意了).Hewishestogetquickrichwithoutanylabour,whichwethinkonlyWishfulthinking(他想不劳而获,迅速致富,我们认为这是想入非非).（C）Thesunheatstheearth,Whichisveryimportanttolivingthings(太阳晒热地球,这对于万物是十分重要的).②非限定性定语从句中,无论主语还是宾语,关系代词用which不用that;即使which作宾语也不省去.Football,whichisveryinteresting,isplayedallovertheworld.Inevergiveuplearningforeignlanguages.WhichIfinktodeabridgedtotheworld(我从没有放弃过外语学习,因为我发现外语是通向世界的桥梁).（比较下一句关系代词作宾语可省去的限定性定语从句.二者在这一点上的区别一目了然：Itisthecomputer(that/which)Iboughtlastweek.）③“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句有一下四点值得注意.A:当介词前置时,关系代词用which而非that；而且which不省去.Thepencilwithhewaswritingbroke.无Thepencilwiththathewaswritingbroke;也无Thepencilwithhewaswritingbroke.(注：当介词后置于定语从句动词后面,并且从句是定性的,关系代词which,that可互换,能省略.Thisistheroomwhich/thatthegreatmanonceworkedin.)B:先行词表示时间,定语从句可用关系副词（when;先行词表示地点,定语从句可用关系副词where:We’llneverforgetthedayonwhich(-when)wevisitedtheGreatwall.Theywenttothevillagewhere(-atwhich)theoilwellwaslocated定位）.C：此结构再延伸,出现“名词/代词+of/among+关系代词”的格局,名词又有数量意义,如“许多,一些,大部分,20个等”,则整个短语译作“其中许多；其中一些…”：Onthecrowdedbuswereschoolchildren,manyofwhomwerefromBeijing.也可以把名词/代词称到关系代词后面,整个短语的功能不变：Heborrowedfromthelibrarynovelsandmagazines,amongwhichsomeareinEnglish.D:此延伸结构若是“名词+介词of+关系代词”的格局,名词无数量意义,则同于whose+名词：Helivesinthehousethedoorsofwhichfacethesouth,=Helivesinthehousewhosedoorsfacethesouth.二、语用功能.Which定语从句（尤其是非限定性的`）主要还是在语用功能上呈现that定语从句所没有的亮点.①表达主从句因果关系.AJew.AlbertEinsteinhadtofleeGermany.WhichthenwasruledbyHitler(爱因斯坦只得逃离德国,因为当时的德国是在希特勒的统治之下).NMET’99：CoryLuxmoorearrivedfromEnglandtodeliverthediaryofhisancestertotheLibraryCompany,____heandhiswifeconsideredtobethebesthomeforthediary(CoryLuxmoore（千里迢迢）从英国赶来把祖先的日记交给（费城）图收馆公司,是因为他和妻子认为该图书馆才是此日记最好的归宿处).②表达主从句目的关系.TheSouthernStatesset