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PAGE-8-英语词汇归类复习法一、从用法上复习归纳词汇,过语法关。比如动词:1.宾语不同,意义也不同英语中有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语,但意义不同。它们是高考试题的考查重点。这类词主要有:goondoing(继续干同一件事)goontodo(接着去干另一件事)stopdoingsth.(停止正在干的事)stoptodosth.(停下来去干某事)regretdoing(后悔干了某事)regrettodo(相当于besorrytodo)forget/rememberdoing(忘记/记得已做过的事)forget/remembertodo(忘记/记得要干的事)meandoing(意味着干…)meantodo(想干…)trydoing(尝试做)trytodo(设法做)2.都可接宾语和宾补,形式却不同某些动词如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词,但接宾补时,宾补要用不定式。如:Weforbidsmokinghere.(宾语)Weforbidyoutosmokehere.(宾补)Youareforbiddentosmokehere.(主补)3.宾语不同、语态不同,意义却相同有些词如need,require,want,deserve等后可接不定式(要用被动形式),可接动名词(要用主动形式表被动意义),可与worth,worthy一并记忆。两种形式意义相同。如(85高考)Thissentenceneeds______________.A.animprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improved4.只接不定式作宾语的词和词组只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有:decide,expect,refuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer,happen,seem,makeupone'smind,used,beabout,beable,have等。如:(89高考)Shepretended_______mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen5.只接动名词作宾语的词和词组只接动名词作宾语的词和词组:mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,suggest,appreciate,practise,delay,finish,feellike,lookforwardto,can'thelp,keep(on),miss,beusedto,excuse,beworth,imagine,putoff,giveup等。如:(92高考)Iwouldappreciate_________backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.youarecalling(87高考)Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed______.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch6.系动词系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语,这类词有:表感观的系动词:look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear(这些词用形容词作表语)表变化的系动词:become,get,grow,go,turn,该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词表依旧的系动词:remain,keep,stay可带名词作表语的系动词:be,become,prove,remain7.含"被动"意味的动词有些动词,如sell,close,wash,burn,measure,cut,read,write,tear,wear,let(出租)等,它们的主语是事物,且又是表示主语的固有特征和状态,与行为方式状语连用时,要用主动形式表被动意义:(97高考)"Isthisraincoatyours?""No,mine____________therebehindthedoor."A.ishangingB.hashungC.hangsD.hung8.具有两种形式的易混动词中学英语教材中有些不规则动词有两种过去式或两种过去分词形式,使用或考测时极易弄混。如:hang,hanged,hanged(绞死)hang,hung,hung(挂起)light,lit,lit(点燃,作谓语)light,lighted,lighted(过去分词作形容词用时,意谓"燃烧着的",作定语)drink,drank,drunk/drunken(喝,饮;过去分词作形容词同时,意谓"醉的",drunk多作表语,drunken多作定语