全新版大学英语-综合教程课文原文及翻译.pdf

SecondThoughtsonCloningLaurenceH.Tribe1Someyearsagolongbeforehumancloningbecameanear-termprospectIwasamongthosewhourgedthathumancloningbeassessednotsimplyintermsofconcretecostsandbenefitsbutintermsofwhatthetechnologymightdototheverymeaningofhumanreproductionchildrearingandindividuality.Ileanedtowardprohibitionasthesafestcourse.关于克隆的再考虑劳伦斯·H·特赖布几年前在克隆人还远未成为一种近期前景的时候我和一些人一起竭力主张对人类克隆的评判不仅仅要考虑到详细的代价与裨益而且要考虑到这一技术将会对人类繁殖、孩子的抚养以及对人的个性的真实意义会带来什么影响。我倾向于制止克隆人认为此乃最为平安可靠的方针。2(1)TodaywiththeprospectofarenewedpushforsweepingprohibitionratherthanmereregulationIaminclinedtosay"Notsofast."时至今日眼看着新一轮要求对克隆人全面制止而非简单标准的呼声即将再起我倒想说：“慢一点来。〞3WhenscientistsannouncedinFebruarythattheyhadcreatedacloneofanadultsheep--ageneticallyidenticalcopynamedDollycreatedinthelaboratoryfromasinglecellofthe"parent"--fiercedebatearoseovertheprosandconsoftryingtocloneahumanbeing.当科学家于2月宣布他们缔造了一头由成年羊克隆而成的克隆羊――这头羊名叫多利是从其“母体〞的一个单细胞在实验室里缔造的基因完全一样的复制品――时对克隆人的利弊掀起了一场剧烈的争论。4Peoplespokeoftheplightofinfertilecouples;thegriefofsomeonewhohaslostachildwhosebiological"rebirth"mightoffercomfort;theprospectofusingcloningtogeneratedonorsfortissuesandorgans;thepossibilityofcreatinggeneticallyenhancedcloneswithaparticulartalentoraresistancetosomedreaddisease.有人说到不育夫妇的苦境说到人们失子之悲哀而生物再生可能给他们带来抚慰；说到利用克隆技术产生组织与器官捐赠人的可能性；说到缔造强化基因克隆人的可能性这些人可以拥有某种特别的才能或能抵御某些凶疾的才能。5Butotherssawanightmarishanddecidedlyunnaturalinterferencewithhumanreproduction.CaliforniaenactedabanonhumancloningandthePresident'sNationalBioethicsAdvisoryCommissionrecommendedmakingthebannationwide.而有人那么看到了对人类繁殖的可怕的完全违犯自然的干与。加利福尼亚州通过了克隆人制止令而总统的全国生物伦理参谋委员会那么建议将这一禁令推向全国。6Thatinitialdebatehascooledhoweverandmanyinthescientificfieldnows