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HansJournalofAgriculturalSciences农业科学20177(3)267-272PublishedOnlineJune2017inHans.http://www.hanspub.org/journal/hjashttps://doi.org/10.12677/hjas.2017.73035EffectsofReturned-StrawonSoilMicroorganismAmountandSoilEnzymeActivityLiangDong12ShenzhongTian13YufengZhang13HonghaiGuo12*ZhaohuiLiu2ZhengMa13WenfanBian23RuiqinLi1JiafaLuo21InstituteofAgriculturalResourcesandEnvironmentShandongAcademyofAgriculturalScienceJinanShandong2KeyLaboratoryofAgro-EnvironmentinHuanghuaihaiPlainMinistryofAgricultureShandongProvincialJinanShandong3ScientificObservingandExperimentalStationofArableLandConservationMinistryofAgricultureJinanShandongReceived:Jun.12th2017;accepted:Jun.23rd2017;published:Jun.29th2017AbstractInordertoinspecteffectsofreturned-strawonsoilmicroorganismamountandsoilenzymeactiv-ityweinvestigatedthesesoilbiologicalindexesbyfieldlong-termlocatedexperiment.Theresultsshowedthatreturned-strawcouldincreaseamountofsoilbacteriafungiandactinomycetesre-spectivelyby2.2×108-3.1×108/g0.5×106-3.5×106/g1.3×107-1.9×107/g.Anditcouldin-creasetheactivityofsoildehydrogenasesoilureasesoilacidphosphataserespectivelyby3.82%-12.98%36.0%-80.0%12.99%-37.80%.Butexcessivereturned-strawamountwasnotbenefitforfarmlandproductivityandthebestreturned-strawamountwasnomorethan100%.KeywordsReturned-StrawSoilMicroorganismAmountSoilEnzymeActivity