英语介词By与through的区别.docx

英语介词By与through的区别英语介词By与through的区别:1.by(1)表示方法，手段。即“用...，通过...以…方式”相当于bymeansof如：Allworkhadtobedonebyhand所有的工作都是手工进行的。Hemakesalivingbyteaching他以教书为生。Ithappenedthroughnofaultofmine.这件事的发生,并非由于我的任何过错。Hesalutedherbyraisinghishat.他举起帽子向她致意。Sheearnedmoneybywriting.她靠写作挣钱。根据;按照toplaybytherules按规则比赛相差Hishorsewonbyanose.他的马以一鼻之差取胜。(2)表示传达、传递的方式或煤介。如：Howdidyousendtheletter,byairmailorbyordinarymail?你是怎么发送的这信，是通过航天邮件还是普通邮件?(3)表示用交通工具、通讯工具后接名词单数，不加冠词。如：Hecamebytrain,buthiswifecamebybus.他是乘火车来的，可是他老婆是坐公共汽车来的。注意下面两句的区别：Didyoucomebytrain?=Didyoucomeinhiscar/onmybike?“by+抽象名词”构成的词组有：byaccident/bychance/bydiligence/byeffort/byforce/byheart/byluck/bymistake/byhardwork.(4)指数量增加或减少到的程度，相差。Welostthematchbyonegoal我们仅以一球之差输了比赛。(5)根据，按照paysbbythehour/day/weekSellsthbythepound/meter/dozensellsthbyweight/lengthAsarule，domesticservantsdoingoddjobsarepaidbythehour通常，家政服务是按照小时计酬的。Theymarchedbynight.他们夜里进军。2.through(1)表示“以;通过;经由”。如：Hesucceededthroughhardwork.(2)空间上通过，透过，经过Lightcomesinthroughthewindow。光线从窗户进来。(3)时间上通过，自始至终，从头到尾经过Heoftenworksthroughthenight他常常通宵工作。注意：在表示手段表示“藉着;以…;经由”时，by,through有时也可换用。如：Throughhiseffortshesucceededinmakingsomanyusefulinventions.ByhiseffortshesucceededinmakingsomanyusefulinventionsHebecamerichthroughhardwork.他靠努力工作而致富。3、固定搭配1)throughthrough：透;彻底bewetthrough浑身湿透through：自始至终，从头到尾Haveyoureadtheletterthrough?你看完信了吗?through：情况好;取得成功Igotthroughwithgoodmarks.我考的成绩很好。through：打通，接通(电话)CanyouputmethroughtoMrJones?请帮我接通琼斯先生的电话。through：做完的;完成的;完毕的I'mnotthroughjustyet.我还没做完。through：从头到尾travelthroughthecountry游遍全国gothroughabottleofwine喝完一瓶酒throughtheages古往今来Youarethrough.[英]你要的电话接通了。Areyouthrough?[美]你的电话打完了吗?2)bybyandby不久以后;不一会儿byandlarge全盘;总的来说indaysgoneby昔日putyourworkbyforaminute把你的工作稍搁片刻Theseorangeswereputbyforthewinter.这些桔子被储存起来留冬天吃。