不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法浅析.doc

不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法浅析一、不定式和其短语做宾语补足语不定式和其短语做宾语补足语，主要强调动作的全过程或一次性的动作。例如：a.Iaskedhimtocomehere.b.Didyouseeanyonecomeintotheroom?c.Ithinkhimtobeagoodteacher.d.Pleasetellhertowaitformeattheschoolgate.能用不定式或不定式短语作宾语补足语动词两种情况，一种是接带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词，一种是接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词。1．常见的接带to的定式作宾语补足语的动词：tell,ask,want,teach,allow,drive,expect,invite,love,hate,like,prefer,wouldlike等。其否定形式在不定式前加not。例如：a.Mymotheroftentellsmetostudyhardatschool.b.Mr.Zhangaskedusnottoplaytoomanycomputergamesathome.c.Iwantyoutoteachmehowtouseacomputer.2．常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要是一些表示感觉的动词和表示“使”、“让”的动词，表示事情全过程或一次性动作。它们主要有：一感：fell二听：hear,listento三让：let,make,have四看：see,watch,notice,observe半帮助:helphelpsb.todo/dosth.例如：a.Didyouhearmesingasonglastnight?b.Isawhimcomeintotheroomyesterday.c.Pleaseletmehelpyouclean/tocleanthewindows.d.Oh,pleasedon’tmakethebabycryagain.注意：含不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成被动语态时，要把to加上，即不可省掉to，例如：a.Iheardhersingyesterday.——Shewasheardtosingyesterdaybyme.b.Hemademelaugh.——Iwasmadetolaughbyhim.二、现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示宾语补足语是一个正在进行和发生的动作，具有一定的描述性。例如：a.DidyouhearmesinginganEnglishsongatthistimelastnight?b.IsawhimwatchingTVwhenIcamebackfromschoolyesterday.c.WhenEdison’sfathercameintotheroom,hesawEdisonsittingonsomeeggs.d.Whomakesthebabycrying?习题精选1.Isawher_______whenIcameintotheclassroom.A.cryB.tocryC.cryingD.cries2.TheteachertoldXiaoMinglateforschoolagain.A.nottobeB.notbeC.don’tbeD.notto3.Thechildrenareoftenaskedloudlyinthelibrary.Theymustkeepquiet.A.tospeakB.notspeakC.don’tspeakD.nottospeak4.MissGaoaskedLinTaototheblackboard.A.tocomeB.comesC.comingD.came5.Shewouldnotlethimanyhouseworkatall.A.todoB.doC.doingD.does6.11.Tomaskedhismother_________andplaybasketball.A.lethimgoB.tolethimtogoC.lethimtogoD.tolethimgo7.Atlast,Imadetheboy________andbegantolaugh.A.stoptocryB.tostopcryingC.tostoptocryD.stopcrying8.I'dlikemygoodfriend______tomyhometomorrow.A.comeB.comesC.comingD.tocome9.Willyouhelpme__________thismorning?A.dothewashB.todothewashC.dothewashingD.doingthewashing10.Theyheardher_____inthenextroomj