高考英语一轮复习 Unit 14 Careers限时特训 北师大版必修5-北师大版高三必修5英语试题.doc

Unit14CareersⅠ.阅读理解(建议用时15′)A[2015·哈六中期中考试]Lifeissomuchsimplerthesedays.Everythingrevolveseq\a\vs4\al(W1)aroundasinglebutton!Withtheintroductionofwashingmachineswashingclothesbecameeasier.Themachineswoulddryclothesatleast70to80percentandalreadyhalf­driedclotheswouldbedoneinnotime.Doyouwanttoknowhowwashingmachinesevolved?Thefirstwashingmachinewascalledthescrub(擦洗)boardandwasinventedintheyear1797.In1851AmericanmanJamesKingdiscoveredandpatentedthefirstwashingmachinetouseadrum.Howeveritwasstillhand­poweredanddidnotworkbyitself.Thenin1858WilliamBlackstoneofIndianabuiltawashingmachineforhiswife.Thiswashingmachineremovedandwashedawayeq\a\vs4\al(P1)dirteq\a\vs4\al(W2)fromtheclothes.Thiswasthefirstofficialwashingmachinethatcouldbeusedathome.eq\a\vs4\al(S)In1908theHurleyMachineCompanyofChicagoinventedtheThormachine.Thiswasthefirstwashingmachinethatwaselectricallypoweredandithadagalvanized(电镀的)metaltubandanelectricmotor.Theearlierwashingmachinehadaheavycast­ironmechanismmountedonthetublidmakingthemachineheavyanddifficulttomove.Theintroductionofametaltubandreductiongears(减速齿轮)inlateryearsreplacedeq\a\vs4\al(W3)thisheavyequipmentandby1920theproductionofwoodentubwashingmachinescompletelystopped.Butthenewmachinesmadealotofnoisebecauseoftheirbulkymetaltubs.Amodificationthatwasmadewascoveringthetubswithwhiteenameled(磁漆的)sheetmetaltomakethecleaningprocesseasier.Bytheearly1950sAmericancompaniesstartedproducingwashingmachineswithaspindryfeatureeq\a\vs4\al(W4)andthisreplacedtheoldwringerwhichwhiledryingtheclotheswouldremovethebuttonsorcauseaccidentsinvolvingthehairandhands.In1957thefirstwashingmachinewithfiveplusbuttonswasintroduced.Thesecontrolledthewashte