高一英语词语人教版知识精讲.doc

用心爱心专心高一英语词语人教版【同步教育信息】一.本周教学内容：词语二.重点短语：1.cutdowncutdown表示“砍倒降低缩短”等。例如：（1）Manyvillagerscutdowntreestobuildtheirhouse.（2）Themancutdownthepooryoungtreewithanaxe.（3）Theassistantaskedmetopay50yuanfortheshirtbutIcutdownto20yuan.（4）Ifyoucutdownthispairoftrousersyoucangiveittoyouryoungersister.（5）Theangrymancutthetableup.（6）Hecutthreemetresofclothfromthatroll.（7）Theelectricitywascutoffbecauseofmaintenance.2.byby引导的时间状语有“在某时前、到某时为止”、“到某时”的意思所修饰的谓语动词的时态既取决于by短语指过去、将来还是现在也取决于谓语动词是动作动词还是状态动词。详述如下：1）by引导的时间状语表示过去某一时间（1）Bythetimehewastenhehadalreadybuiltachemistrylabforhimself.（2）Byseveno’clockthewindwasblowingharderthanever.（3）BythattimetheJapanesewerealreadyverynear.（4）Bythenheknewwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup.（5）Bytheendoflastmonthmybrotherhadbeenonthatshipfortwoyears.2）by短语表示将来某一时间（6）Quiteoftenyou’llfindtheunknownwordcomesagainperhapsseveraltimesandbytheendofthechapteryou’llhaveguesseditsmeaning.（7）Wewillhavetheworkcompletedbynoontomorrow.（8）MrsAdamsthoughtthemoviewouldbefinishedby10:30p.m.（9）Yoursonwillbeallrightbysuppertime.（10）Hewon’tbeherebythistimetomorrow.3）by短语表示现在（11）Perhapsshe’srecoveredbynow.3.usedto（1）usedto是情态动词只有过去式其后接动词原形表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态但现在已不再发生或存在。usedto的否定式为：usednotto/use（d）n’tto/didnotuseto；疑问式为：Did+主+usedto…?/used+主+to…?如：①Thereusedtobeabusstoponthatcorner.在那个拐角上曾有一个公共汽车站。②IusedtogotoofficeonfootbutIdon’tdothatnow.过去我步行去上班但现在不这样了③Thevillageisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.这村庄已不再是过去的样子了。④Heusedn’t/didn’tusetolikefish.他过去不喜欢吃鱼。⑤Youusedtobegoodfriendsusen’tyou/didn’tyou?你们曾是好朋友是这样吗？4.touchtouch在这里是动词意为“接触”“触碰”“轻按”。例：（1）Themountainissohighthatitseemstotouchtheclouds.这座山非常高似乎碰到了云彩。（2）Visitorsarerequirednottotouchthepaintings.参观者请勿抚摸这些画。（3）Youonlynee