高一英语暑假专题动名词冀教版知识精讲.doc

用心爱心专心高一英语暑假专题动名词冀教版【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：暑假专题——动名词动名词是非限定动词的一种形式由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征又有名词的特征故称动名词。动名词也有时态和语态的变化如表所示（以及物动词write为例）不及物动词没有语态的变化。时态/语态主动被动一般式writingbeingwritten完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten1动名词作主语、宾语和表语1）作主语。例如：FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.南方与北方开战了。2）作宾语a.有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如：admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免complete完成consider认为delay耽误Deny否认detest讨厌endure忍受enjoy喜欢escape逃脱fancy想象finish完成imagine想象mind介意miss想念postpone推迟practice训练recall回忆resent讨厌resume继续resist抵抗risk冒险suggest建议face面对Include包括stand忍受understand理解forgive宽恕keep继续例如：Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittleplease?你把收音机音量调小一点好吗？Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.这松鼠幸运得很刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。b.有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如：admittoprefer…tobeusedtoleadtodevoteoneselftoobjecttoSticktonogoodnousebefondoflookforwardtobeproudofbebusycan'thelpbetiredofbecapableofbeafraidofthinkofBurstoutkeeponinsistoncountonsetaboutputoffbegoodattakeupgiveupbesuccessfulin3）作表语对主语说明、解释。例如：Herjobiswashingcleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。比较：Sheiswashingcleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.4）作定语一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如：awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台aswimmingpool=apoolswimming游泳池有些动名词作定语与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。例如：boilingpoint=atemperaturepointatwhichsomethingbeginstoboil沸点awalkingtractor=atractorwhichadrivercanoperatewhileheorsheiswalkingbehindit手扶拖拉机2.worth的用法worthworthyworthwhile都是形容词意为“值得”。1）worth：beworth+n.当名词为金钱时表示“……值得……常见的有It’sworthwhiletodo./It’sworth（someone’s）whiledoingbeworthdoingsth.“……某事值得被做”Thequestionisnotworthdiscussingagainandagain.这问题不值得反复讨论。2）worthy：beworthyof+n.当名词为抽象名词时表示“……值得……”beworthytobedone“某事值得被做”Thequestionisnotworthytobediscussedagainandagain.3）worthwhile：beworthwhiletodosth“值得做某事”Itisworthwhiletoaskhimtojointheclub.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。典型例题Itisnot____todiscu