油品蒸发损耗.doc

(完整word版)油品蒸发损耗(完整word版)油品蒸发损耗(完整word版)油品蒸发损耗摘要油品蒸发作为液体石油产品的一种气化现象，发生于油品运输、装卸、保管和零售等各个环节，是当前石油系统面临的一项比较严重的问题。本文针对汽油储运过程中存在严重的蒸发损耗问题，基于气相色谱分析技术和室内建立的一个小型锥顶金属罐蒸发损耗实验测试平台，测定了90＃汽油的“小呼吸”蒸发损耗过程,涉及到了温度场分布、浓度场（饱和度)分布、排气量及其成分、损耗量（率）等因素。结果表明，锥顶汽油罐内排出的气体中空气占80％左右，所损耗20%左右的油气主要以C5组分为主，90#汽油的的“小呼吸"蒸发损耗率为0.07％。另外,本文根据克拉伯龙方程及相关假设条件推导了适合于实验室条件下测算油品蒸发损耗量的基本理论公式，并根据蒸发损耗的规律,指出了使用内浮顶罐是减少蒸发损耗的有效措施，而基于吸收法和吸附法的油气回收技术可望在短期内实现国产工业化。关键词：油罐；蒸发损耗；损耗量；实验；控制回收AbstractAsaliquidpetroleumproductonekindofgasifiedphenomenon，theoilqualityevaporationoccursintheeachlinkoftheoilqualitytransportation，loadingandunloading，thestorageandtheretailsalesandsoonisaquiteseriousissuewhichthecurrentpetroleumsystemfaces.Thispaperconsidersthetransportationofoilevaporationloss,asmallvertexofaconemetalpotconeroofreservoirlossthroughbreathingexperimentestablisheswhichbasedontheroominteststheplatformfriendlychromatographanalysistechnology,hasdeterminedthe90#gasoline“thenaturalventilation”thelossthroughbreathingprocess,involvedthetemperaturefielddistribution,concentrationfield（degreeofsaturation)hasdistributed,theairdisplacementandtheingredient，thebreakage（rate)andsoonthefactors。Theresultindicated,inthevertexofaconegastankdischargesinthegastheairaccountsforabout80%,loses20％abouttheoilgasmainlybyC5primarily，90＃gasoline“thenaturalventilation”theevaporationattritionrateis0.07%。Moreover，accordingtothecaratprimarydragonequationandthecorrelationsuppositioncondition,thisarticleinferstheelementarytheoryformulathatsuitessurveystheoilqualityevaporationbreakageunderthelaboratorycondition,andpointsoutthecoveredfloatingrooftankisreducesthelossthroughbreathingtheeffectiveactionaccordingtothelossthroughbreathingtherule，anditishopedtorealizethedomesticallyproducedindustrializationbasedontheabsorptionlawandtheadsorptionmethodoilgasrecyclingtechnologyintheshort-term.Keywords：oiltank；evaporationloss;emissionlosses;experiment；controlandrecovery前言油品蒸发给从石油开采到成品油使用整个过程带来了隐患，环境中油蒸气达到一定浓度易引发火灾、环境污染。油品蒸发还会造成大量油品浪费,并且因油品中轻组分的蒸发，使油品质