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UNIT16Transducers(Sensors)传感器游戏很好玩,工作原理是什么?触摸屏是怎么感知?空隙摇摆你手机身边传感器试验室传感器无线传感器结点什么是传感器16.1IntroductionAtransducerisadevicewhichconvertsthequantity(量)beingmeasuredintoanoptical(光学),mechanical,ormorecommonly-electricalsignal.Theenergy-conversionprocessthattakesplaceisreferredtoastransduction.16.1IntroductionTransducersareclassifiedaccordingtothetransductionprincipleinvolvedandtheformofthemeasurand(被测对象).Thusaresistancetransducer(电阻式传感器)formeasuringdisplacement(位移)isclassifiedasaresistancedisplacementtransducer.Otherclassificationexamplesarepressurebellows,forcediaphragm,andsoon…16.2TransducerElements辅助电源Forexample,diaphragms(振动膜),bellows(波纹管),straintubesandrings(应力管和应力环),bourdontubes(布尔登管),andcantilevers(悬臂)aresensingelementswhichrespondtochangesinpressureorforceandconvertthesephysicalquantitiesintoadisplacement.超声波传感器工作原理[2]…Thisdisplacementmaythenbeusedtochangeanelectricalparametersuchasvoltage(电压),resistance(电阻),capacitance(电容),orinductance(电感).Suchcombinationofmechanicalandelectricalelementsformelectromechanicaltransducingdevicesortransducers.Similarcombinationscanbemadeforotherenergyinputsuchasthermal,photo,magneticandchemical,givingthermoelectric,photoelectric,electromagnetic,andelectrochemicaltransducersrespectively.16.3AnalogandDigitalTransducers16.3AnalogandDigitalTransducers16.3AnalogandDigitalTransducers16.3AnalogandDigitalTransducers16.3AnalogandDigitalTransducers16.4UseofSensorinProgrammableAutomation16.4UseofSensorinProgrammableAutomation16.4UseofSensorinProgrammableAutomation