(完整word版)定语从句归纳-推荐文档.doc

定语从句（theattributiveclause）什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。定语从句的结构及种类结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句关系词的分类及关系词关系代词：who，whom,whose,that,which,as关系副词：when，where，why关系词的功用起连接作用，引导定语从句在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。关系词的用法who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who。TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.ThisisourEnglishteacherwhomeverybodylikes.whose=1\*GB3①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.Thisismydeskmatewhosefatherworksinafactory.=2\*GB3②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.Westudyinaclassroomwhosewindowsfacetothesouth.that=1\*GB3①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.Thisisamachinethatcanwalk.=2\*GB3②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that.另外，that可以省略。Ilikethepresent(that)myfathersentme.=3\*GB3③当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoTheboythat/whoisplayingfootballontheplaygroundismybrother.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that下列情况下，关系词只能选用that=1\*GB3①当先行词为不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything时IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?=2\*GB3②当先行词为不定代词all时Mr.Lidoesallthathecantodohisworkwell.=3\*GB3③当先行词被all,some,any修饰时TheseareallthethingsthatIhavedonetoday.=4\*GB3④当先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时Thisistheonlycomputerthatheoftenturnstoforhelp.=5\*GB3⑤当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时Thisisthecleaningroomthatyoucanseehere.=6\*GB3⑥time作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时ThisisthelasttimethatI’llgiveyoupocketmoney.=7\*GB3⑦尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。Heisnolongerthechildthatheusedtobe20yearsago=8\*GB3⑧以who开头的特殊疑问句，尽管先行词指人。Whoisthepersonthatissittingontheground?=9\*GB3⑨当先行词包括人和物时。7.下列情况下，关系词只能选which=1\*GB3①在非限制性定语从句中。Thisismyfavoritepen,whichIboughtyesterday.=2\*GB3②先行词不是一个词，而是前面整个句子的概念时Theboyisverypolite,whichmakeshisparentshappy.=3\*GB3③当先行词指物，用“介词+which”ThisisthepenwithwhichIoftenwrite.8.asAs引导定语从句时，有四种情况。As在句中作主语，宾语。=1\*GB3①as单独引导定语从句。Asweallknow(=Asisknowntousall),YaoMingisafamousbasketballplayer.=2\*GB3②thesame…as…与…一样Ihavethesameideaasyou.=3\*GB3③such…as…和…一样Don’treadsuchabookasyoucan’tunderstand.=4\*GB3④as…as…和…一样I