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1ZhangHengZhangHeng(张衡)(78AD—139AD)wasanastronomermathematicianartistandliteraryscholar（文学学者）intheEasternHanDynastyofChina.Bornintoday’sNangyangCountyHenanhewasagoodwriteratage12.Attheageof16helefthometopursue(从事)hisstudyingthecapitalcity.Hespentatleast10yearsofhisyouthinliterarystudiesandwriting.Hepublishedseveralwell-recognizedliterarywritings.Heswitchedto(转向)astronomyafterage30.Intheyear123hecorrectedthecalendartobringitintolinewiththeseasons.In132ZhangHenginventedthefirstseismograph(地震仪)formeasuringearthquakes.Hisdevicewasintheshapeofacylinder(圆柱体)witheightdragonheadsaroundthetopeachwithaballinitsmouth.Aroundthebottomwereeightfrogseachdirectlyunderadragonhead.Whenanearthquakeoccurredaballfelloutofthedragon’smouthintoafrog’smouthmakinganoise.Healsoinventedtheodometer(里程表).ZhangHengwasthefirstpersoninChinatoconstructarotatingcelestialglobe.Inoneofhispublicationshealsoproposedπ=730/232(orabout3.1466).