职称英语卫生类阅读理解.docx

职称英语卫生类阅读理解2017职称英语卫生类阅读理解职称英语对申报不同级别职称的专业技术人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。下面是小编整理的卫生类C级阅读理解题，希望能帮到大家!MedicalEducationIn18thcenturycolonialAmerica,thosewhowantedtobecomephysicianseitherlearnedaspersonalstudentsfromestablishedprofessionalsorwentabroadtostudyinthetraditionalschoolsofLondon,ParisandEdinburgh.MedicinewasfirsttaughtformallybyspecialistsattheUniversityofPennsylvania,beginningin1765,andin1767atKing'sCollege(nowColumbiaUniversity),thefirstinstitutioninthecoloniestogivethedegreeofdoctorofmedicine.FollowingtheAmericanRevolution,theColumbiamedicalfaculty(formerlyofKing'sCollege)wascombinedwiththeCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeons,charteredin1809,whichsurvivesasapisionofColumbiaUniversity.In1893theJohnsHopkinsMedicalSchoolrequiredallapplicantstohaveacollegedegreeandwasthefirsttoafforditsstudentstheopportunitytofurthertheirtraininginanattachedteachinghospital.Thegrowthofmedicalschoolsattachedwithestablishedinstitutionsoflearningwenttogetherwiththedevelopmentofproprietary(私营的)schoolsofmedicinerunforpersonalprofit,mostofwhichhad10Wstandardsandpoorfacilities.In1910AbrahamFlexner,theAmericaneducationreformer,wroteMedicalEducationintheUnitedStatesandCanada,exposingthepoorconditionsofmostproprietaryschools.Subsequently,theAmericanMedicalAssociation(AMA)andtheAssociationofAmericanMedicalColleges(AAMC)laiddownstandardsforcoursecontent,qualificationsofteachers,laboratoryfacilities,connectionwithteachinghospitals,andlicensingofmedicalpractitioners(开业医师)thatsurvivetothisday.Bythelate1980stheU.S.andCanadahad1424medicalcollegesrecognizedbytheLiaison(联络)CommitteeonMedicalEducationtooffertheM.D.degree;duringthe1987-1988academicyear,47,262menand25,686womenenteredthesecollegesandanestimated11,752menand5,958womenweregraduated.Graduates,afterayearofinternship(实习期),receivelicensestopracticeiftheypassanexaminationgiveneitherbyastateboardorbytheNationalBoardofMedicalExaminers.11.In18thcenturyAmerica,higherinstitutionsoflearningthattaughtmedicine__________.A.didnotexistB.werefewinnumberC.werebet