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微处理器的发展1.2微处理器的成长,五1.3四,321.4四1.5五,储备器1.6CPU,内存1.7操纵器,运算器,1.8法度榜样,文档,1.9操作体系1.10机械说话1.11汇编源法度榜样,汇编法度榜样1.12编译法度榜样1.13说明法度榜样1.14运算精度的,高1.15字节,地址线1.1616MB2.1分压,大年夜2.2分流,小,2.3分压2.4分流2.52Ω2.6I1+I2-I4=0,I3+I4+I5=02.7-I2R2-I4R4+US2=0,I1R1+I3R3+I4R4-US1+US3=02.8自力的2.9短路,开路2.10储存电场2.111μF,1002.124μF,502.13开路。2.14电路刚接通,充电停止2.15通交换阻直流,通高频阻低频2.16通交换阻直流,通高频阻低频2.17短路2.18储存磁场2.19共价键构造2.20空穴,自由电子2.21自由电子,空穴2.22单领导电2.23反向击穿2.24发光二极管2.25两,发射结和集电结2.26发射区掺杂浓度高,集电结的面积大年夜2.27反,正2.28IC=βIB2.29两,双2.30金属热氧化物半导体场效应管,一,单2.31好,高2.32单领导电2.33极性2.34R×100,R×1K2.35黑3.11001011.1,4B.83.2111.25,6F.23.3342.875,101001100.1113.40001000101013.5001000113.661,983.7两,13.81325,3D39,BDB93.98K。3.10数值,隐含3.11大年夜。3.122013.130.1011000,0.10110003.141.1011000,1.01010003.1500001011,000010113.1610001011,111101013.17-613.18-127~+1273.19-128~+1273.20补,符号位3.2100,113.2201,10,3.231.101,0.01113.24原码,异或3.25小阶向大年夜阶3.26左规,加13.27奇数,奇数,纠错,3.28偶数,奇数,纠错3.2973.3000111013.3101001113.3201110103.334,(9,5)3.34I5PiI4I3I2P3I1P2P13.35校验和。4.10,14.21,04.31,04.40,14.50,14.6164.7逻辑4.82n4.9m1,m74.10m1,m64.114.124.134.144.151,0,4.160,14.170,14.181,14.19,4.20输入,无关4.21编码器4.22译码器4.233,8线-3线4.244,16线-4线4.254线-16线4.264,14.27电路本来的状况4.28触发器4.290,14.300,14.311,04.32低,4.334.344.354.361→04.370→14.38保持本来的状况4.39保持本来的状况4.40保持本来的状况4.41变为1态4.42保持本来的状况4.43保持本来的状况4.44保持本来的状况。4.45变为1态4.463位二进制异步递增4.473位二进制异步递减4.48复位法,置位法4.4944.50数据存放器,移位存放器5.1公共5.2三态缓冲器5.3分时,同时5.4主模块,从属模块,主模块5.5总线带宽,每秒传送的字节数5.6总线位宽5.7体系总线5.8数据,地址,操纵5.9512M5.1032,645.11图形加快端口,图形处理才能5.12ALU,算术/逻辑运算5.13单总线构造,缓存器5.14输出5.15三传送不需运算的操作数5.16双,高速缓冲5.17单,内5.18随机5.19动态随机,准时刷新5.20内5.21可编程只读,15.22可擦除可编程只读,紫外线照耀5.23电擦除可编程只读,施加电脉冲5.24固定只读,05.254,字、位同时5.268,字5.272,位5.288,3线-8线5.29内5.30高速缓冲储备器,CPU和主存5.31速度,位价格5.32射中5.33小,快,副本5.34块5.3505.36全写5.37写回5.38CPU5.39磁道,扇区5.40悬浮在高速扭转的盘片上方,径向5.41雷同512,小5.42345.43柱面5.44接近主轴的内,着陆区5.45相等5.461.44MB5.47小凹点5.4850倍速,7500KBps5.49取指令,分析指令,履行指令5.50组合逻辑,微法度榜样5.51法度榜样计数器,供给下一条指令的地址5.52操纵储备器5.53取机械指令,公用5.5440,双列直插5.55总线接口或BIU,履行或EU5.5616,20,1M5.57指令指针,供给下一条指令的地址5.5816,85.59高,低5.60SS,SP6