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人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文.doc

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(完整word版)人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文(完整word版)人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文(完整word版)人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文Unit1Art第一单元艺术ReadingASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTINGArtisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaithofapeople。StylesinWesternarthavechangedmanytimes.AstherearesomanydifferentstylesofWesternart，itwouldbeimpossibletodescribealloftheminsuchashorttext。Consequently，thistextwilldescribeonlythemostimportantones.StartingfromthesixthcenturyAD。TheMiddleAges（5thtothe15thcenturyAD)DuringtheMiddleAges,themainaimofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes。Aconventionalartistofthisperiodwasnotinterestedinshowingnatureandpeopleastheyreallywere。Atypicalpictureatthistimewasfullofreligioussymbols,whichcreatedafeelingofrespectandloveforGod。Butitwasevidentthatideaswerechanginginthe13thcenturywhenpainterslikeGiottodiBondonebegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.TheRenaissance(15thto16thcentury)DuringtheRenaissance，newideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges。Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife。AtthesametimepaintersreturnedtoclassicalRomanandGreekideasaboutart.Theytriedtopaintpeopleandnatureastheyreallywere。Richpeoplewantedtopossesstheirownpaintings,sotheycouledecoratetheirsuperbpalacesandgreathouses.Theypaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves，theirhousesandpossessionsaswellastheiractivitiesandachievements.Oneofthemostimportantdiscoveriesduringthisperiodwashowtodrawthingsinperspective.ThistechniquewasfirstusedbyMasaccioin1428.Whenpeoplefirstsawhispaintings,theywereconvincedthattheywerelookingthroughaholeinawallatarealscene。Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered，noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.Bycoincidence,oilpaintswerealsodevelopedatthistime，whichmadethecoloursusedinpaintingslookricheranddeeper。Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewouldnotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous。Impressionism(late19htoearly20thcentury)Inthelate19thcentury，Europechangedagreatdeal，fromamostlyagriculturalsociety