表语从句-主语从句.ppt

Module2HighlightsofmySeniorYearGrammar1&2PredicativeClauses(表语从句)在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句,引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用asif引导。其基本结构为:主语+系动词+that从句。That’swhatweshoulddo.That’swhyIwanttoseeyou.ThereasonformyabsencewasthatIwasill.be,seem,look等动词后均可跟表语从句：如：Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.2.asif,because也可引导表语从句。如：Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.3.在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如:Thetroubleis(that)heisill.在表语从句中,当reason做主语时,引导词只能用that,不能用because。如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathedidn’tcatchtheearlybus.Thattheearthisroundistrue.=Itistruethattheearthisround.2.Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeendecided.=Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.Attention:连词that,whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略(注：if不可用来引导主语从句)。二.用it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis＋名词＋从句事实是……Itisafactthat………非常荣幸Itisanhonorthat………是常识Itiscommonknowledgethat…(2)Itis＋形容词＋从句(多用should)Itisnaturalthat…很自然……Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是……(3)Itis＋不及物动词＋从句Itseemsthat…似乎……Ithappenedthat…碰巧……Itappearsthat…似乎……(4)Itis＋过去分词＋从句Itisreportedthat…据报道……Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实……Itissaidthat…据说……三、It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如:Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题1)引导词that与whatwhat既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分(主语、宾语、表语等)，这时what相当于allthat/everythingthat...，常译成“所……的(东西、事情、话等.)”；而that只起连接作用，本身无实际意义，在从句中也不担当任何句子成分，但that引导的主语从句放在句首时，不能省略that。例如:（1）Whatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.（2）Thatweshouldworkoutaplantodealwiththeserioussituationisimportant.2)引导词if和whetherif和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用，但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句(放在句首时)、表语从句常由whether引导。例如:Whethershewillgohomeornotisunknown.Itremainstobedecidedwhether/ifweshallraiseducksorgeese.【2012陕西卷】Asmanyfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose______suitsyoubest.A.whateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD.wherever【解析】考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句做动词choose的宾语，引导词在从句中做主语，意思是：无论哪件。选B。其余选项与句意不符【2