高考完形填空技巧.docx

高考完形填空技巧一)词汇知识的运用(各类词的用法及搭配、词语辨析)1.动词1)动词的结构功能(vi./vt./linkv.,接什么样的宾语，能否接复合宾语，接什么样的复合宾语)eg(1).Butbyusingliterarytextsalongsideothertexts,teacherscan42studentsimprovetheirreadingskills.A.forceB.helpC.getD.wish析：选【B】。只有help可接helpsb.dosth.2)分析上下文情景，注意词汇与话题的同现结构是为意思服务的，在完形填空中大部分选项只看动词的结构功能是很难判断的，所以要分析上下文情景。(2)(Father)KateandJohn,afriendofmineiscomingheretoseemethisevening,andIwishtobewithhim.Willyougouptoyourownroom?We,wenttoourroomandclosedthedoor.A.punishedB.trembledC.obeyedD.replied析：【C】上文父亲吩咐她们上楼到自己的房间去，她们去了，说明按父亲的吩咐做了，所以选C。2.代词(不定代词/指示代词;人称代词/物主代词/反身代词/疑问代词/关系代词/相互代词等)1.不定代词(some,any,no,somebody,anybody,nobody,noone,one,none,something,anything,nothing;all,every,each,other,either,neither,both,half,everybody,everyone,everything;many,much,few,little,afew等)2.指示代词(that,this,these,those,such,same,so)one代[C]泛指，指非限定的一个;可代人/物that代[C]特指;不可代人;代[U]this近指，后指that远指，前指(3)isthesportsprogramme.开始体育节目。(4)istheendofthenews.新闻到此结束。Keys:(3)This4)That3.名词/形容词/副词/介词(依上下文语义/语境要求，搭配，话题来选)4.同义词/近义词/形似词1)词的搭配能力(rise/raise,hope/wish)如：demand(ofsb.)todosth.pickonespocketrequest/requiresb.todosth.robsb.ofsth.stealsth.fromsb.2)单词的适用范围/场合如：voice/sound/noise;defend/protect/guard,ask/beg，kill/murder等3)单词的感情色彩如：die中性词，passaway表示对死者的尊敬4)过程与结果的不同lookfor/search重过程find/discover重结果5)区分结构类似而意思不同的表达法如：beusedtodosth./beusedtodoingsth./useddosth.takeplace/takeonesplace/taketheplaceofcanthelpdosth./canthelpdoingsth./canthelpbutdosth.6)注意有意识与无意识如：notice:表无意识行为，observe/watch/see表有意识行为5.词语的搭配1)动词的搭配(do和make的搭配能力较强，要常记，记牢，记熟)do(ajob,work,shopping,cooking,reading,typing,sewing,good,wrong,damage,harm,afavor,aninjury,etc.)make(astudy,anappointment,arrangements,abreakthrough,acall,acomparison,contribution,adeal,adecision,adiscovery,distinction,aguess,preparations,astart,astart,asurvey,anattempt,anerror,aprofit,afortune,aliving,onesway,sense,point,peace,bed,coffee,afuss,etc.)2)名词的搭配形容词与名词的搭配有的具有一定的文化背景，学生要注意貌合神离的词语。如：luckydog幸运儿righthand得力助手narrowescape死里逃生darkhorse出人意料的获胜者3)形容词的搭配有些形容词可以加一个形容词修饰，表示强调，使表达更加生动。常见的有：pit