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德国城市汉堡英语.docx

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德国城市汉堡英语It'seasytoseewhytheyouthfulBeatlesfellinlovewithHamburg.Germany'ssecondlargestcityboastsamagnificentharbourrightinitscitycentreandhasmoreincommonwithcanalcitieslikeAmsterdamorVenice;localswillproudlypointoutthattheircityhasmorebridgesthanVenice.But,unlikeitsmaritimecounterparts,Hamburgremainsahard-workingportthatisamongEurope'sbusiest.Addtothistheindependenceofaplacethathasbeeninvadedonlyonceinitshistory,byNapoleonnoless-andyoutoowillbeinspiredtoserenadethecity.Thereisn'treallyasingletimeofyearthatisbetterthananyothertovisitHamburg,becauseitcanbechillyyearround.WhileGermanycanhavepleasantsummerweather,northernareasareknownfortheiryear-roundhealthy,bracing(令人心神爽快的)climate.Hamburg'ssocialscheduleispackedallyearwithconcerts,fairs,festivals,parties,conventionsandexhibitions,butthereareafewstandout(杰出的)occasions.Establishedin1329,HamburgerDomisoneofEurope'slargestandoldestfunfairs(游艺集市);ittakesplaceinlateMarch,lateJulyandlateNovember.Inthe9thcentury,amoatedfortresscalledHammaburgwasbuiltwhichgrewtobeamissionarystronghold(要塞、据点).Itwasn'tuntilthe12thcenturythatthecitybeganitsriseasatradingpower-CountAdolfIIIscoredaroyalcharterfromEmperorFriedrichI(akaBarbarossa)whichgavethecityfreetraderightsandexemptedthemfrompeskycustomstariffs.Armedwiththisincreasedtradingpower,HamburgbecamealeaderinthenewlyfoundedHanseaticLeague(汉萨同盟),acollectionofnorthernEuropeanmerchants,whichincluded60citiesattheheightofitsinfluence.PoliticallyneutralHamburgconcentratedondevelopingtrade,foundingtheBorse,Hamburg'sstockexchange(证券交易所),in1558andestablishing,inthe17thcentury,amerchantnavy(商船队)toguarditstradingvessels.AstheHanseaticLeagueweakened,Hamburgthrived,thankstoaninfluxofDutchmerchantswhowerefleeingreligiouspersecution.Whileothercitiesandnationswerecaughtupinwarsorempirebuilding,Hamburgpragmaticallysetaboutbuildingtradewiththeworld,irregardlessofpolitics.Hamburg'stradingambitionswereinterruptedbrieflybytheannexation(合并)ofGermanyintotheNapoleonicEmpire,butoncetheFrenchtyrantwastoppleditwas