维果茨基最近发展区理论对学前教育的启示.doc

维果茨基最近发展区理论对学前教育的启示摘要：儿童心理理论强调儿童对自己和他人的内心世界的体验，重视儿童和周围人的交往经验，在与环境的互相作用中促进其心理理论的发展。维果次基理论强调社会文化背景、环境及经验对儿童心理发展的影响。以维果次基的社会文化背景学说、思维与语言的关系说、内化说和最近发展区理论为理论基点，可以得到对学前教育的有益启示，即，唤醒幼儿内心世界。创建良好的话语环境，创设混龄游戏机会，创设和谐家庭环境。因此，笔者从维果茨基最近发展区理论入手，首先分析其产生的背景，然后从儿童游戏论为切入点，具体分析这一问题的不同理论区别，同时深入分析不同情景下这一理论对学前教育的帮助和启示，意在抛砖引玉。关键词：儿童心理理论；维果次基理论；学前教育；最近发展区Dfruit,thetheoryofthezoneofproximaldevelopmentofpre-schooleducationenlightenmentAbstract:thechildren'spsychologicaltheorystressesthatchildrenexperienceintheheartoftheworldforthemselvesandothers,attachesgreatimportancetothechildrenandbewiththepeoplearoundexperience,intheinteractionwiththeenvironmenttopromotethedevelopmentofthetheoryofmind.Viggotimebasetheoryemphasizesthesocialandculturalbackground,theinfluenceoftheenvironmentandtheexperienceofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopment.Withviggotimebaseofthesocialculturebackgroundtheory,therelationshipbetweenthinkingandlanguage,andsaid,internalizationandtheoryasthetheoreticalbasispoints,thezoneofproximaldevelopmentcangetbeneficialenlightenmentforpreschooleducation,namely,arousechildren'sinnerworld.Tocreateagoodenvironment,withmixedagegamesopportunities,createaharmonioushomeenvironment.Therefore,theauthorfromviggo,theoryofthezoneofproximaldevelopment,firstofall,analyzeitsbackground,andthenfromachildren'sgametheoryasthebreakthroughpoint,specificanalysistheproblemofdifferencebetweendifferenttheory,thistheoryalsoanalyzesdifferentsituationsthehelpofthepreschooleducationandenlightenment,tothetopic.Keywords:children'stheoryofmind;Viggotimebasetheory;Pre-schooleducation;Therecentdevelopments目录TOC\o"1-3"\u导言PAGEREF_Toc206561一、最近发展区理论产生的背景PAGEREF_Toc236051二、最近发展区与儿童在游戏活动中的合作PAGEREF_Toc267711（一）儿童游戏观PAGEREF_Toc3167921、游戏本能论PAGEREF_Toc2139222、维果茨基的儿童游戏本质观PAGEREF_Toc293102（二）游戏的特点与儿童最近发展区之间的关系PAGEREF_Toc2433931、游戏的特点PAGEREF_Toc586332、游戏的特点在帮助儿童跨越最近发展区中发挥的作用PAGEREF_Toc212213（三）最近发展区框架内的儿童游戏合作研究PAGEREF_Toc2178641、影响儿童在游戏中合作的因素PAGEREF_Toc15942、通过不同的合作方式建构儿童的最近发展区PAGEREF_Toc268095