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Module5EthnicCulture-ReadingandVocabulary(2).doc

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用心爱心专心 Module5EthnicCulture Period5ReadingandVocabulary(2) ■Goals TogetsomeideaabouttheBaiethnicgroup Todrawoutusefulinformationfromthetext ■Procedures Step1:WarmingupbyreadingapassageabouttheBaiethnicgroup. Hello,everyone,wehaveknownsomethingabouttheancienttownofLijiangandthehistoryoftheNaxiethnicgroup.Todaywe’llgoonwithourstudy.We’lllearnsomethingabouttheBaiethnicgroup. ArchaeologicalfindsfromCangerandHaimenkoushowthattheErhaiareawasinhabitedasearlyastheNeolithicAge,andartifactsoftheperiodindicatethatthepeopleoftheregionusedstonetools,engagedinfarming,livestockrearing,fishingandhunting,anddweltincaves.Possibly,theybegantousebronzeknivesandswordsandothermetaltoolsabout2,000yearsago. ThepeopleintheErhaiareadevelopedclosertieswiththeHanmajorityininlandprovincesintheQinandHandynasties.In109BCtheWesternHanDynastysetupcountyadministrationsandmovedalargenumberofHanpeopletothisborderarea.Thesepeoplebroughtmoreadvancedproductiontechniquesandirontools,contributingtotheeconomicdevelopmentofthearea.DuringtheSuiandTangdynasties,thefarmingtherehadreachedalevelclosetothatofthecentralplains. BaiaristocratsbackedbytheTangcourtunifiedthepeopleoftheErhaiareaandestablishedtheNanzhaoregimeofYisandBais.Itsfirstchief,Piluoge,wasgrantedthetitleofKingofYunnanbyaTangemperor. Slaveswereusedtodoheavylabor;whole“free”peasantsweresubjecttoheavytaxationandforcedtorendervariousservicesincludingconscriptionintothearmy.Someofthem,wholosttheirland,weremadeslaves. TheNanzhaoregimelastedfor250years.Duringthatperiodoftime,whilemaintainingagoodrelationshipwiththecentralgovernment,therulerscruellyoppressedtheslavesandmercilesslyplunderedotherethnicnationalitiesthroughwarfare.Productivitywasthusseriouslyharmed.Thiscausedslaverebellionsanduprisings.Nanzhao’spowercametoanendintheyear902.Thenaregimebasedonafeudallordsystem,knownastheKingdomofDali,wasestablished.Thekingdomadoptedaseriesofmeasuressuchasabolishingexorbitanttaxesandremovingconservativeministers.Asaresult,socialproductivitywasrestored. Thek